Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, NY, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2011 Nov;23(4):1125-38. doi: 10.1017/S0954579411000599.
Within an allostatic load framework, the effect of Gene × Environment (G × E) interactions on diurnal cortisol regulation and internalizing symptomatology were investigated. Variation in the corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) TAT haplotype and serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) was determined in a sample of maltreated (n = 238, 21.4% with early physical and sexual abuse) and nonmaltreated (n = 255) children (M age = 10.08) participating in a summer research camp. Internalizing and depressive symptoms were assessed by other and self-report. G × E effects for CRHR1 and maltreatment and early abuse on diurnal cortisol regulation were observed; CRHR1 variation was related to cortisol dysregulation only among maltreated children. Early abuse and high internalizing symptoms also interacted to predict atypical diurnal cortisol regulation. The interaction of CRHR1, 5-HTTLPR, and child maltreatment (G × G × E) identified a subgroup of maltreated children with high internalizing symptoms who shared the same combination of the two genes. The findings support an allostatic load perspective on the effects of the chronic stress associated with child maltreatment on cortisol regulation and internalizing symptomatology as moderated by genetic variation.
在适应负荷框架内，研究了基因与环境（G×E）相互作用对昼夜皮质醇调节和内化症状的影响。在参加夏令营的受虐待（n=238，21.4%有早期身体和性虐待）和未受虐待（n=255）儿童样本中，确定了促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素受体 1（CRHR1）TAT 单倍型和 5-羟色胺转运体相关多态性区域（5-HTTLPR）的变异。内化和抑郁症状通过他人和自我报告进行评估。观察到 CRHR1 和虐待以及早期虐待对昼夜皮质醇调节的 G×E 效应；CRHR1 变异仅在受虐待的儿童中与皮质醇失调有关。早期虐待和高内化症状也相互作用，预测非典型的昼夜皮质醇调节。CRHR1、5-HTTLPR 和儿童虐待（G×G×E）的相互作用确定了一组具有高内化症状的受虐待儿童，他们具有这两种基因的相同组合。这些发现支持了适应负荷的观点，即与儿童虐待相关的慢性应激对皮质醇调节和内化症状的影响受遗传变异的调节。
