Sinnar Veterinary Research Laboratories, Sinnar, Sudan.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2011 Sep;124(18):2829-33.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis caused by the cestodes of the Echinococcus species. Its life cycle involves dogs and other canids as definitive hosts for the intestinal tapeworm, as well as domestic and wild ungulates as intermediate hosts for the tissue-invading metacestode (larval) stage. The disease has a special impact on disadvantaged pastoralist communities and is listed now among the three top priority neglected tropical disease (NTD). Therefore, CE is a neglected disease even in high endemicity regions. This study aimed at investigation of the prevalence of CE in different animals slaughtered for food consumption in Sinnar area, Blue Nile states in Sudan.
A survey of CE in livestock was conducted from April 2009 to March 2011 in Sinnar area, Blue Nile state in Sudan. Location, parasitological status and fertility conditions were determined. In addition, 120 hydatid cysts (30 from camels, 62 from cattle and 28 from sheep) were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mitochondrial gene sequencing for the genetic allocation of Echinococcus strains or species
The prevalence of CE was 29.7% (30/101) in camels, 2.7% (62/2310) in cattle and 0.6% (26/4378) in sheep. It was shown that infection rates increased with age in camels, cattle and sheep. In camels, 67% (20/30) of the infected animals were aged between 2 - 5 years whereas 58% (36/62) of the infected cattle were > 5 years. In sheep, the prevalence rate was distributed equally between animals ranging 2 - 5 years and > 5 years. Even though multiple cysts were found in some animals, the average number of cysts per animal was close to 1 in all examined species. Lungs were found to be the predilection sites for the parasite in both camels and cattle, while most of the cysts found in sheep were located in the liver. About 63.4% of cysts encountered in camels were considered as large (5 - 7 cm), whereas those in cattle and sheep were medium (2 - 4 cm) and small (< 2 cm) respectively. The highest fertility rate was found in camel cysts with 85.4% (35/41) followed by cattle (50.0%, 32/64) and sheep (39.0%, 11/28). All examined cysts belonged to Echinococcus canadensis G6, which was confirmed to be the overwhelmingly predominant species in that area.
The epidemiological situation in Sinnar area, Blue Nile state is characterized by intense transmission of Echinococcus canadensis G6, thereby closely resembling the situation in most other regions of Sudan.
包虫病（CE）是一种由细粒棘球绦虫属的绦虫引起的人畜共患寄生虫病。其生命周期涉及狗和其他犬科动物作为肠道带绦虫的终末宿主，以及家养和野生有蹄类动物作为组织侵袭性幼虫（幼虫）阶段的中间宿主。该疾病对贫困牧民社区有特殊影响，现已被列为三种优先被忽视的热带病（NTD）之一。因此，即使在高流行地区，CE 也是一种被忽视的疾病。本研究旨在调查在苏丹青尼罗河州森纳地区不同食用动物屠宰中的 CE 流行情况。
2009 年 4 月至 2011 年 3 月在苏丹青尼罗河州森纳地区对牲畜进行了 CE 调查。确定了位置、寄生虫状况和生育状况。此外，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）和线粒体基因测序对 120 个包虫囊（30 个来自骆驼、62 个来自牛和 28 个来自绵羊）进行了检查，以确定棘球蚴菌株或物种的遗传分配。
骆驼的 CE 流行率为 29.7%（30/101），牛为 2.7%（62/2310），绵羊为 0.6%（26/4378）。结果表明，骆驼、牛和绵羊的感染率随年龄增长而增加。在骆驼中，67%（20/30）受感染的动物年龄在 2-5 岁之间，而 58%（36/62）受感染的牛年龄大于 5 岁。在绵羊中，2-5 岁和>5 岁的动物之间的患病率分布均匀。尽管在一些动物中发现了多个囊肿，但在所有检查的物种中，每个动物的囊肿平均数量接近 1。在骆驼和牛中，肺被认为是寄生虫的首选部位，而在绵羊中，大多数囊肿位于肝脏中。在骆驼中，约 63.4%的囊肿被认为是大囊肿（5-7 厘米），而牛和绵羊的囊肿则是中囊肿（2-4 厘米）和小囊肿（<2 厘米）。骆驼囊肿的最高生育率为 85.4%（35/41），其次是牛（50.0%，32/64）和绵羊（39.0%，11/28）。所有检查的囊肿均属于棘球蚴属 G6，这在该地区被证实是占主导地位的物种。
青尼罗河州森纳地区的流行情况以强烈的棘球蚴属 G6 传播为特征，与苏丹大多数其他地区的情况非常相似。
