National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2012 Jan;101(1):73-104. doi: 10.1007/s10482-011-9656-0. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
Species of the genus Streptomyces, which constitute the vast majority of taxa within the family Streptomycetaceae, are a predominant component of the microbial population in soils throughout the world and have been the subject of extensive isolation and screening efforts over the years because they are a major source of commercially and medically important secondary metabolites. Taxonomic characterization of Streptomyces strains has been a challenge due to the large number of described species, greater than any other microbial genus, resulting from academic and industrial activities. The methods used for characterization have evolved through several phases over the years from those based largely on morphological observations, to subsequent classifications based on numerical taxonomic analyses of standardized sets of phenotypic characters and, most recently, to the use of molecular phylogenetic analyses of gene sequences. The present phylogenetic study examines almost all described species (615 taxa) within the family Streptomycetaceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and illustrates the species diversity within this family, which is observed to contain 130 statistically supported clades, as well as many unsupported and single member clusters. Many of the observed clades are consistent with earlier morphological and numerical taxonomic studies, but it is apparent that insufficient variation is present in the 16S rRNA gene sequence within the species of this family to permit bootstrap-supported resolution of relationships between many of the individual clusters.
链霉菌属的物种构成了链霉菌科绝大多数的分类群，它们是世界各地土壤微生物种群的主要组成部分，多年来一直是广泛分离和筛选的对象，因为它们是商业和医学上重要的次生代谢物的主要来源。由于学术和工业活动的原因，链霉菌菌株的分类特征一直是一个挑战，因为已描述的物种数量超过了任何其他微生物属，超过了任何其他微生物属。多年来，用于分类的方法已经经历了几个阶段，从主要基于形态观察的方法，到随后基于标准化表型特征数值分类分析的分类，再到最近基于基因序列的分子系统发育分析的分类。本研究基于 16S rRNA 基因序列对链霉菌科内几乎所有已描述的物种（615 个分类群）进行了研究，说明了该科内的物种多样性，观察到该科内包含 130 个统计学上支持的分支，以及许多不支持和单成员分支。许多观察到的分支与早期的形态学和数值分类学研究一致，但显然，该家族中 16S rRNA 基因序列的变异不足以支持许多个体分支之间关系的bootstrap 支持分辨率。
