Department of Urology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Mol Diagn Ther. 2011 Oct 1;15(5):265-75. doi: 10.1007/BF03256418.
C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase reactant, is associated with systemic inflammation. Many studies have demonstrated that CRP levels have important prognostic implications for patients. For example, individuals with elevated CRP levels have an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The JUPITER study showed that reducing CRP levels can mitigate this risk. Various trials have investigated the effect of lifestyle modifications on serum CRP levels. Specifically, the impact of different exercise-based protocols on CRP levels has been researched. This review article evaluates the response of CRP levels to aerobic-based, resistance-based, and combination exercise protocols. Furthermore, it examines the impact of such regimens in children, adults, and the elderly. No definitive answers exist regarding the relationship between exercise and CRP levels. Significant reductions in CRP levels were noted in 11 of 25 trials of aerobic-based regimens, two of five studies of combination protocols, and neither of two trials of resistance-based regimens. Similar findings were seen across all age groups. There were significant CRP reductions in nine of 18 adult studies, four of ten child studies, and one of three elderly studies. Mixed results reflect uncertainty about the ability of exercise to reduce inflammation. Various mechanisms, including increased protein synthesis and fat loss, have been proposed to explain the potential anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. While exercise-based regimens have produced inconsistent results, lifestyle modifications do appear to have significant anti-inflammatory effects. This was particularly evident in studies that utilized combined diet/exercise programs. Significant CRP reductions were seen in five of seven such trials. Interestingly, both studies with failed combination protocols achieved substantial CRP reductions in their diet-only groups. These findings suggest that weight loss is important in reducing inflammation. Additionally, they indicate that combined diet/exercise protocols should be part of any lifestyle intervention program. Further research will be needed to identify optimal regimens for achieving anti-inflammatory benefits.
C-反应蛋白（CRP）是一种急性期反应物，与全身炎症有关。许多研究表明，CRP 水平对患者的预后具有重要意义。例如，CRP 水平升高的个体患心血管事件的风险增加。JUPITER 研究表明，降低 CRP 水平可以降低这种风险。许多试验研究了生活方式改变对血清 CRP 水平的影响。具体来说，研究了不同基于运动的方案对 CRP 水平的影响。本文综述了评估 CRP 水平对基于有氧运动、基于阻力的运动和组合运动方案的反应。此外，还研究了这些方案在儿童、成人和老年人中的影响。关于运动与 CRP 水平之间的关系尚无明确答案。在 25 项基于有氧运动的方案试验中有 11 项、5 项联合方案研究中有 2 项和 2 项基于阻力的方案试验中均未观察到 CRP 水平显著降低。在所有年龄组中均观察到类似的发现。在 18 项成人研究中有 9 项、10 项儿童研究中有 4 项和 3 项老年研究中有 1 项观察到 CRP 水平显著降低。混合结果反映了对运动降低炎症能力的不确定性。已提出多种机制，包括增加蛋白质合成和减少脂肪，以解释运动的潜在抗炎作用。尽管基于运动的方案产生了不一致的结果，但生活方式的改变似乎确实具有显著的抗炎作用。这在利用联合饮食/运动方案的研究中尤为明显。在这 7 项试验中有 5 项观察到 CRP 水平显著降低。有趣的是，联合方案失败的两项研究中，其仅饮食组也实现了 CRP 水平的显著降低。这些发现表明体重减轻对于减轻炎症很重要。此外，它们表明，联合饮食/运动方案应成为任何生活方式干预计划的一部分。需要进一步研究以确定实现抗炎益处的最佳方案。
