Celik Halime, Abma Tineke A, Klinge Ineke, Widdershoven Guy A M
Dept. of Health, Ethics and Society, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Eval Program Plann. 2012 Feb;35(1):54-65. doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.07.001. Epub 2011 Jul 8.
Patients' health and health needs are influenced by categories of difference like sex, gender, ethnic origin and socioeconomic status (SES). To enhance awareness of this diversity among patients and to provide holistic care for them, health professionals should first be aware of the relation between dimensions of diversity and patients' health and health demands. This paper presents a formative process evaluation of a diversity sensitivity training programme for healthcare professionals. The training was implemented in three healthcare settings (mental healthcare, nursing home and hospital care). Mixed methods were used to monitor the implementation of the training and its effects after three years. Findings demonstrate that the training stimulated participants' awareness, knowledge and critical attitudes towards diversity. Their motivation and willingness to take action regarding diversity was also enhanced. Yet these developments were less apparent among nursing home participants who felt less satisfied and did not develop a critical perspective on this issue. Qualitative data were helpful to explain differences between the settings. By means of the combination of quantitative and qualitative data, we can conclude that individual learning was not enough to guarantee a sensitive approach to diversity at the organizational level.
患者的健康和健康需求受到性别、种族出身和社会经济地位（SES）等差异类别的影响。为提高患者对这种多样性的认识并为他们提供整体护理，卫生专业人员首先应了解多样性维度与患者健康及健康需求之间的关系。本文介绍了一项针对医疗保健专业人员的多样性敏感性培训计划的形成性过程评估。该培训在三种医疗保健环境（心理保健、疗养院和医院护理）中实施。采用混合方法监测培训的实施情况及其三年后的效果。研究结果表明，该培训激发了参与者对多样性的认识、知识和批判性态度。他们针对多样性采取行动的动机和意愿也得到了增强。然而，这些进展在疗养院参与者中不太明显，他们的满意度较低，并且没有对这个问题形成批判性的观点。定性数据有助于解释不同环境之间的差异。通过定量和定性数据的结合，我们可以得出结论，个人学习不足以保证在组织层面以敏感的方式对待多样性。
