Andersen H K, Brostrøm K, Hansen K B, Leerhøy J, Pedersen M, Osterballe O, Felsager U, Mogensen S
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1979 May;68(3):329-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05015.x.
Screening of 3060 neonates for congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection by virus excretion in the urine showed an overall incidence of 0.4%. The incidence was about 1% for mothers between 16 and 25 years and only 0.2% for mothers between 25 and 35. No mothers over 35 years of age gave birth to congenitally infected infants. The percentage of women in the child-bearing age susceptible to CMV infection was estimated by the absence of CMV complement-fixing antibodies in cord sera and ranged from 48% to 33% with increasing age. None of the infected infants showed obvious signs of congenital CMV infection at birth. At follow-up, two infants showed slight, but transient symptoms compatible with a foetal infection; a pair of premature twins exhibited retarded physical and psychomotor development, but this could just as well be ascribed to the prematurity itself. None of the infants had detectable CMV--IgM antibodies in cord sera, but a trend towards elevated total IgM concentration in cord sera and elevated virus excretion titres appeared in the infants with symptoms. With the very low incidence and no signs of sensomotor sequelae the preliminary conclusion is that foetal CMV infection in our population by no means has a significance to deserve screening or a vaccination programme.
通过检测尿液中的病毒排泄情况对3060名新生儿进行先天性巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染筛查，总体发病率为0.4%。16至25岁母亲所生婴儿的发病率约为1%，而25至35岁母亲所生婴儿的发病率仅为0.2%。35岁以上的母亲均未生下先天性感染的婴儿。根据脐带血清中缺乏CMV补体结合抗体来估计育龄妇女中易感染CMV的比例，该比例随着年龄增长从48%降至33%。出生时，没有感染的婴儿表现出明显的先天性CMV感染迹象。随访时，两名婴儿出现了轻微但短暂的、与胎儿感染相符的症状；一对早产双胞胎表现出身体和精神运动发育迟缓，但这也可能归因于早产本身。脐带血清中没有婴儿检测到CMV-IgM抗体，但有症状的婴儿脐带血清中总IgM浓度有升高趋势，且病毒排泄滴度也升高。鉴于发病率极低且没有感觉运动后遗症的迹象，初步结论是，在我们的人群中，胎儿CMV感染根本没有必要进行筛查或开展疫苗接种计划。
