Pinfold J V
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, England.
Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Oct;105(2):377-89. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800047968.
An intervention study was developed from risk-factors associated with faeco-oral transmission, based on the levels of contamination in stored water and fingertip-rinses from households in rural north-east Thailand. This was designed to improve: (a) handwashing, particularly before cooking/eating and after defecation: (b) washing dishes immediately after use. Verbal messages were administered to two intervention groups, one also received a plastic container with a tap to assist these activities. Indicators of compliance were the direct observation of soaking dishes and the presence of faecal streptococci from fingertip-rinses; the main outcome indicator was Escherichia coli contamination of stored water. The intervention group receiving the container was significantly better than the control for indicators of compliance (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.01) and its stored water was significantly less contaminated (P less than 0.001). There was no significant improvement to the other intervention group, although some features of the intervention had clearly been made available to the control group. Humidity was significantly correlated with fingertip contamination (r = 0.2; P less than 0.001) and with the peak of reported diarrhoea around the beginning of the rainy season.
基于泰国东北部农村家庭储存水和指尖冲洗液的污染程度，开展了一项针对粪口传播相关风险因素的干预研究。该研究旨在改善：（a）洗手习惯，尤其是在做饭/吃饭前和排便后；（b）餐具使用后立即清洗。对两个干预组进行了口头宣传，其中一组还收到了一个带水龙头的塑料容器以辅助这些活动。依从性指标是直接观察餐具浸泡情况以及指尖冲洗液中粪链球菌的存在情况；主要结果指标是储存水中大肠杆菌的污染情况。接受容器的干预组在依从性指标方面显著优于对照组（P小于0.001和P小于0.01），其储存水的污染程度也显著更低（P小于0.001）。另一干预组没有显著改善，尽管对照组显然也了解到了干预措施的一些特点。湿度与指尖污染显著相关（r = 0.2；P小于0.001），并且与雨季开始前后报告的腹泻高峰相关。
