伊朗北部的母乳喂养状况及一些相关因素。
Breastfeeding status and some related factors in northern iran.
作者信息
Veghari Gholamreza, Mansourian Azadreza, Abdollahi Aliakbar
出版信息
Oman Med J. 2011 Sep;26(5):342-8. doi: 10.5001/omj.2011.84.
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this study is to assess the Breastfeeding Duration, Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration and other related factors among children aged less than 5 years old in rural areas of Northern Iran.
METHODS
This is a descriptive cross-sectional conducted on 2520 children aged 6-60 months (male: 1309, female: 1211) chosen by cluster random sampling from 20 out of 118 villages. Data were collected from mothers using a questionnaire. The duration of breastfeeding was computed only for children aged over 24 months old. Breastfeeding duration and Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration were classified based on WHO definition. SPSS Version 16 was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
The mean Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration was 5.59 months, while 66.4% of children had exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months. The lowest Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration and the highest Breastfeeding Duration were observed among the Turkman ethnic group. Exclusive Breastfeeding duration of at least 5 months was 14.6%, thus the results were significantly higher than in the Turkman ethnic group (p=0.001). Meanwhile, the results showed that exclusive breastfeeding duration significantly increased with maternal education level (p=0.004). The study found that the mean breastfeeding duration was 20.6 months, and 89.3% and 74.7% of children were breastfed for at least 18 and 24 months, respectively. A positive correlation was reported between breastfeeding duration and family size, birth order, maternal age and children nutritional status, (p<0.05). Additionally, lactation period in underweight children was significantly higher than in obese children, (p=0.023).
CONCLUSION
The study found that two-thirds of children exclusively breastfed during the first six months of life and the mean breastfeeding duration was 20.6 months. While both exclusive breastfeeding duration and breastfeeding duration were influenced by socio-demographic factors in the rural areas of Northern Iran.
目的
本研究的主要目的是评估伊朗北部农村地区5岁以下儿童的母乳喂养持续时间、纯母乳喂养持续时间及其他相关因素。
方法
这是一项描述性横断面研究，通过整群随机抽样从118个村庄中的20个村庄选取了2520名6至60个月大的儿童（男：1309名，女：1211名）。使用问卷从母亲那里收集数据。仅计算24个月以上儿童的母乳喂养持续时间。母乳喂养持续时间和纯母乳喂养持续时间根据世界卫生组织的定义进行分类。使用SPSS 16版进行数据分析。
结果
纯母乳喂养的平均持续时间为5.59个月，而66.4%的儿童纯母乳喂养至少6个月。土库曼族儿童的纯母乳喂养持续时间最短，母乳喂养持续时间最长。纯母乳喂养至少5个月的比例为14.6%，因此该结果显著高于土库曼族（p = 0.001）。同时，结果表明纯母乳喂养持续时间随母亲教育水平显著增加（p = 0.004）。研究发现，平均母乳喂养持续时间为20.6个月，分别有89.3%和74.7%的儿童母乳喂养至少18个月和24个月。母乳喂养持续时间与家庭规模、出生顺序、母亲年龄和儿童营养状况之间呈正相关（p < 0.05）。此外，体重不足儿童的哺乳期显著高于肥胖儿童（p = 0.023）。
结论
研究发现，三分之二的儿童在生命的前六个月进行纯母乳喂养，平均母乳喂养持续时间为20.6个月。在伊朗北部农村地区，纯母乳喂养持续时间和母乳喂养持续时间均受社会人口统计学因素影响。
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