Bee Pathology laboratory, Centro Apícola Regional, JCCM, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain.
Environ Microbiol. 2012 Aug;14(8):2127-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02645.x. Epub 2011 Dec 18.
Nosema ceranae has been suggested to be replacing Nosema apis in some populations of Apis mellifera honeybees. However, this replacement from one to the other is not supported when studying the distribution and prevalence of both microsporidia in professional apiaries in Spanish territories (transverse study), their seasonal pattern in experimental hives with co-infection or their prevalence at individual level (either in worker bees or drones). Nevertheless, N.ceranae has shown to present a higher prevalence at all the studied levels that could indicate any advantage for its development over N.apis or that it is more adapted to Spanish conditions. Also, both microsporidia show a different pattern of preference for its development according to the prevalence in the different Spanish bioclimatic belts studied. Finally, the fact that all analyses were carried out using an Internal PCR Control (IPC) newly developed guarantees the confidence of the data extracted from the PCR analyses. This IPC provides a useful tool for laboratory detection of honeybee pathogens.
已有人提出，在某些地区的蜜蜂种群中，微孢子虫 Nosema ceranae 正在取代 N.apis。然而，当研究西班牙境内专业养蜂场中这两种微孢子虫的分布和流行率（横向研究）、其在具有共感染的实验蜂箱中的季节性模式，或在个体水平上的流行率（工蜂或雄蜂）时，这种取代并不成立。尽管如此，在所有研究水平上，N.ceranae 的流行率都更高，这可能表明其在发展上相对于 N.apis 具有优势，或者它更适应西班牙的环境。此外，这两种微孢子虫根据在不同西班牙生物气候带的流行率，表现出不同的发育偏好模式。最后，所有分析均使用新开发的内部 PCR 对照（IPC）进行，这保证了从 PCR 分析中提取的数据的可信度。这种 IPC 为实验室检测蜜蜂病原体提供了一种有用的工具。
