Bithell J F
Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, U.K.
Stat Med. 1990 Jun;9(6):691-701. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780090616.
A relative risk function over a geographical region is defined and it is shown that it can be estimated effectively using kernel density estimation separately for the spatial distribution of disease cases and for a sample of controls. This procedure is demonstrated using data on childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant in Cumbria, U.K. Various modifications to the method are proposed, including the use of an adaptive kernel. The final plot demonstrates a sharp peak at Sellafield and a reasonably smooth surface over the rest of the region, despite the small number of cases in the series.
定义了一个地理区域上的相对风险函数，并表明可以分别针对疾病病例的空间分布和对照样本，使用核密度估计有效地对其进行估计。使用英国坎布里亚郡塞拉菲尔德核后处理厂附近儿童白血病的数据来演示此过程。提出了对该方法的各种修改，包括使用自适应核。最终的图表显示塞拉菲尔德有一个尖峰，并且尽管该系列中的病例数较少，但该区域的其他部分表面相当平滑。
