Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-tronco, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012 Feb;45(2):125-30. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500163. Epub 2011 Dec 23.
Tissue engineering is a technique by which a live tissue can be re-constructed and one of its main goals is to associate cells with biomaterials. Electrospinning is a technique that facilitates the production of nanofibers and is commonly used to develop fibrous scaffolds to be used in tissue engineering. In the present study, a different approach for cell incorporation into fibrous scaffolds was tested. Mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from the wall of the umbilical cord and mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood. Cells were re-suspended in a 10% polyvinyl alcohol solution and subjected to electrospinning for 30 min under a voltage of 21 kV. Cell viability was assessed before and after the procedure by exclusion of dead cells using trypan blue staining. Fiber diameter was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the presence of cells within the scaffolds was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. After electrospinning, the viability of mesenchymal stem cells was reduced from 88 to 19.6% and the viability of mononuclear cells from 99 to 8.38%. The loss of viability was possibly due to the high viscosity of the polymer solution, which reduced the access to nutrients associated with electric and mechanical stress during electrospinning. These results suggest that the incorporation of cells during fiber formation by electrospinning is a viable process that needs more investigation in order to find ways to protect cells from damage.
组织工程是一种可以重建活组织的技术，其主要目标之一是将细胞与生物材料结合。静电纺丝是一种促进纳米纤维生产的技术，常用于开发用于组织工程的纤维支架。在本研究中，测试了一种将细胞纳入纤维支架的不同方法。从脐带壁提取间充质干细胞，从脐带血中提取单核细胞。将细胞重新悬浮在 10%的聚乙烯醇溶液中，并在 21 kV 的电压下进行 30 分钟的静电纺丝。通过使用台盼蓝染色排除死细胞来评估处理前后细胞的活力。通过扫描电子显微镜观察纤维直径，并通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜分析支架内细胞的存在。静电纺丝后，间充质干细胞的活力从 88%降至 19.6%，单核细胞的活力从 99%降至 8.38%。活力的丧失可能是由于聚合物溶液的高粘度，这降低了在静电纺丝过程中与电和机械应力相关的营养物质的获取。这些结果表明，通过静电纺丝在纤维形成过程中掺入细胞是一种可行的方法，需要进一步研究以找到保护细胞免受损伤的方法。
