Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
J Nutr. 2012 Feb;142(2):320-5. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.148692. Epub 2011 Dec 21.
Diet quality indices assess compliance with dietary guidelines and represent a measure of healthy dietary patterns. Few studies have compared different approaches to assessing diet quality in the same cohort. Our analysis was based on 972 participants of the British Diet and Nutrition Survey of people aged 65 y and older in 1994/1995 and who were followed-up for mortality status until 2008. Dietary intake was measured via a 4-d weighed food record. Three measures of diet quality were used: the Healthy Diet Score (HDS), the Recommended Food Score (RFS), and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). HR for all-cause mortality were obtained using Cox regression adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, social class, region, smoking, physical activity, and BMI. After adjustment for confounders, the MDS was significantly associated with mortality [highest vs. lowest quartile; HR = 0.78 (95% CI = 0.62-0.98)]. Similarly, the RFS was also associated with mortality [HR = 0.67 (95 % CI = 0.52-0.86)]; however, there were no significant associations for the HDS [HR = 0.99 (95% CI = 0.79-1.24)]. The HDS was not a predictor of mortality is this population, whereas the RFS and the MDS were both associated with all-cause mortality. Simple measures of diet quality using food-based indicators can be useful predictors of longevity.
饮食质量指数评估了饮食指南的遵守情况，代表了健康饮食模式的一种衡量标准。很少有研究比较过在同一队列中评估饮食质量的不同方法。我们的分析基于 1994/1995 年年龄在 65 岁及以上的 972 名英国饮食和营养调查参与者，这些参与者的死亡状态一直随访到 2008 年。饮食摄入量通过 4 天的称重食物记录进行测量。使用了三种饮食质量衡量标准：健康饮食评分（HDS）、推荐食物评分（RFS）和地中海饮食评分（MDS）。使用 Cox 回归调整年龄、性别、能量摄入、社会阶层、地区、吸烟、身体活动和 BMI 后，获得了全因死亡率的 HR。在调整混杂因素后，MDS 与死亡率显著相关[最高与最低四分位数；HR = 0.78（95%CI = 0.62-0.98）]。同样，RFS 也与死亡率相关[HR = 0.67（95%CI = 0.52-0.86)]；然而，HDS 与死亡率没有显著相关性[HR = 0.99（95%CI = 0.79-1.24）]。在该人群中，HDS 不是死亡的预测因子，而 RFS 和 MDS 均与全因死亡率相关。使用基于食物的指标的简单饮食质量衡量标准可以成为长寿的有用预测指标。
