Hosseinzadeh Hossein, Khoshdel Mohammad, Ghorbani Maryam
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran.
J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2011 Dec;4(4):242-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jams.2011.09.015. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Myrtus communis L. aerial parts have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disease. In this study 350 mice were divided into three main groups: negative (saline), positive (morphine or diclofenac) controls, and test groups. The acute toxicity was assessed for 2 days. Antinociceptive activity was performed using hot plate and writhing tests. The anti-inflammatory effect was investigated using xylene-induced ear edema and a cotton pellet test. According to phytochemical screening, the extracts contained tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The LD50 values of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts were 0.473 and 0.79 g/kg, respectively. In hot plate test, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed significant antinociceptive activity that was inhibited by naloxone. The extracts exhibited antinociceptive activity against acetic acid-induced writhing and also showed significant activity against acute inflammation which was dose dependent for aqueous extract. The ethanolic (0.05 g/kg) and aqueous extracts (0.005, 0.015, and 0.03 g/kg) demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects against chronic inflammation. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts of M communis L. showed antinociceptive effects and these may be mediated by opioid receptors.
香桃木地上部分在传统医学中用于治疗炎症性疾病。在本研究中，350只小鼠被分为三个主要组：阴性（生理盐水）、阳性（吗啡或双氯芬酸）对照组和试验组。评估了2天的急性毒性。使用热板法和扭体试验进行抗伤害感受活性检测。采用二甲苯诱导耳肿胀和棉球试验研究抗炎作用。根据植物化学筛选，提取物含有单宁、生物碱和黄酮类化合物。水提取物和乙醇提取物的半数致死量（LD50）值分别为0.473和0.79 g/kg。在热板试验中，水提取物和乙醇提取物均表现出显著的抗伤害感受活性，且该活性被纳洛酮抑制。提取物对乙酸诱导的扭体表现出抗伤害感受活性，并且对急性炎症也显示出显著活性，水提取物的该活性呈剂量依赖性。乙醇提取物（0.05 g/kg）和水提取物（0.005、0.015和0.03 g/kg）对慢性炎症表现出抗炎作用。香桃木地上部分的水提取物和乙醇提取物显示出抗伤害感受作用，这些作用可能由阿片受体介导。
