Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, High School of Arnhem and Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nutrition. 2012 Feb;28(2):118-23. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.08.017.
Given the large social impact of dietary advice, it is important that the advice have a solid scientific basis. Evidence-based dietary advice should be built on results from all studies available, according to a given methodology. Conclusions should be a valid representation of the summarized results. The association between saturated fat intake and cardiovascular disease was examined. Results from three reports of leading U.S. and European advisory committees were compared with results as they were presented in the articles referred to. Findings were put into perspective with results not included in these reports. Different lines of evidence were included in the different reports. No overlap whatsoever was found in the articles included. Most results from the scientific literature were lacking for most different lines of evidence in all reports. All three reports included the effect of saturated fat on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the evidence linking saturated fat to cardiovascular disease, but the effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was systematically ignored. Both U.S. reports failed to correctly describe the results from the prospective studies. Results and conclusions about saturated fat intake in relation to cardiovascular disease, from leading advisory committees, do not reflect the available scientific literature.
鉴于饮食建议对社会的巨大影响，建议有坚实的科学依据非常重要。循证饮食建议应根据给定的方法，建立在所有可用研究结果的基础上。结论应该是总结结果的有效代表。本文研究了饱和脂肪摄入量与心血管疾病之间的关系。将美国和欧洲三个主要咨询委员会的报告结果与所参考文章中呈现的结果进行了比较。并将这些报告中未包括的结果纳入到研究结果中。不同的报告纳入了不同的证据。纳入的文章之间没有任何重叠。所有报告都缺乏大多数科学文献中大多数不同证据线的结果。所有三个报告都将饱和脂肪对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响纳入到将饱和脂肪与心血管疾病联系起来的证据中，但对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响却被系统地忽略了。两份美国报告都没有正确描述前瞻性研究的结果。来自主要咨询委员会的有关饱和脂肪摄入量与心血管疾病的关系的研究结果和结论，并没有反映出现有科学文献。
