Department of Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Biotechnology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, ul. Konstantynów 1 H, 20-708, Lublin, Poland.
Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2012 Aug;38(4):1159-1167. doi: 10.1007/s10695-011-9601-1. Epub 2012 Jan 7.
The aim of the study was to assess the effects of a cyanobacterial extract containing microcystins (MCs) on selected hematological and biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), as well as to determine the accumulation of toxins in fish tissues. The fish were immersed for 5 days in water containing toxins at a final concentration of 12 μg/L of microcystin LR equivalent. Microcystin LR residues were detected in fish liver, reaching 207, 238 and 260 ng/g f.w. of the tissues taken 24 h, 72 h and 5 days after the end of intoxication, respectively. The most substantial changes were found in fish plasma, including increases in creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, ammonia, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. A decline of about 50% in lysozyme activity was observed by the end of the experimental period. Moreover, a marked increase in ceruloplasmin activity was detected 24 h after the end of intoxication with a subsequent decrease in its activity after 72 h and 5 days. This study concludes that not only consumption of food containing toxins but also MCs dissolved in water may pose a threat to fish health. Additionally, detected changes in lysozyme and ceruloplasmin activity may have distinct effects in fish resistance against pathogens or oxidative stress, which should be taken into account in the future studies.
本研究旨在评估含有微囊藻毒素 (MCs) 的蓝藻提取物对鲤鱼 (Cyprinus carpio L.) 某些血液学和生化参数的影响，并确定毒素在鱼类组织中的积累情况。鱼在含有毒素的水中浸泡 5 天，毒素的终浓度为 12μg/L 的微囊藻 LR 当量。在中毒结束后 24 小时、72 小时和 5 天时，分别在鱼肝脏中检测到微囊藻 LR 残留，达到组织重量的 207、238 和 260ng/g。在鱼血浆中发现了最显著的变化，包括肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、氨、葡萄糖、天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶水平的升高。实验结束时，溶菌酶活性下降了约 50%。此外，在中毒结束后 24 小时检测到铜蓝蛋白活性显著增加，随后在 72 小时和 5 天后其活性下降。本研究得出结论，不仅摄入含有毒素的食物，而且溶解在水中的 MCs 也可能对鱼类健康构成威胁。此外，检测到的溶菌酶和铜蓝蛋白活性的变化可能对鱼类抵抗病原体或氧化应激具有明显影响，这在未来的研究中应予以考虑。
