Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Jan;8(1):21-8. doi: 10.4161/hv.8.1.17622. Epub 2012 Jan 1.
Influenza epidemics and pandemics carry a heavy socioeconomic burden. Hospitalization and treatment are more often necessary in high-risk patients, such as the elderly. However, the impact of influenza is not negligible even in adults, mainly because of lost productivity. The World Health Organization estimates that seasonal influenza causes 250,000-500,000 deaths worldwide each year; however, mortality may be very high in pandemic periods. Many estimates of the costs of seasonal influenza have been made in various socioeconomic contexts. For instance, among the adult population in Italy, a cost of €940.39 per case has been estimated. In the US, the average annual influenza burden in 18-49-y-old adults without underlying medical conditions is judged to include approximately 32,000 hospitalizations and 680 deaths. Estimating the influenza burden is a useful aid to determining the best influenza vaccination strategy and preventive and clinical treatments.
流感疫情给社会经济带来沉重负担。高危人群（如老年人）更常需要住院治疗。然而，流感的影响在成年人中也不可忽视，主要是因为生产力的损失。世界卫生组织估计，季节性流感每年在全球造成 25 万至 50 万人死亡；然而，在大流行期间死亡率可能非常高。在不同的社会经济背景下，已经对季节性流感的成本进行了许多估算。例如，在意大利的成年人群体中，每例病例的成本估计为 940.39 欧元。在美国，无潜在医疗条件的 18-49 岁成年人每年的平均流感负担被认为包括约 32000 例住院和 680 例死亡。估算流感负担有助于确定最佳流感疫苗接种策略以及预防和临床治疗。
