Cluster for Public Health Nutrition, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition and Exercise, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia.
Nutrients. 2011 Feb;3(2):186-99. doi: 10.3390/nu3020186. Epub 2011 Feb 8.
Misreporting of energy intake (EI) is a common problem in national surveys. The aim of this study was to identify misreporters using a variety of criteria, examine the impact of misreporting on the association between EI and weight status, and to define the characteristics of misreporters in the 2007 Australian Children's Survey. Data from the 2007 Australian Children's Survey which included 4800 children aged 2-16 years were used to examine the extent of misreporting based on EI, physical activity level (PAL), age, gender, height and weight status. Three options for identifying misreporters using the Goldberg cut-offs were explored as was direct comparison of EI to energy expenditure (TEE) in a subset of children. Linear regression was used to determine the impact of misreporting on the association between EI and weight status. The prevalence of under-reporting among all children varied from 5.0% to 6.7%, and over-reporting from 1.6% to 3.0% depending on the option used. Direct comparison of EI to TEE revealed similar results. Regression analysis showed that excluding misreporters provided the best model to examine cross-sectional associations between EI and BMI. Characteristics associated with under-reporting included older age, female, higher BMI, higher PAL, living in an urban location, lower parental education level and feeling unwell on the survey day. Over-reporting was more common among children with a lower BMI and lower PAL. In conclusion, misreporting of EI is present among various subgroups of the 2007 Australian Children's Survey. The impact of misreporting on the association between EI and body weight should be recognised by users of this survey.
能量摄入（EI）的错误报告是国家调查中的一个常见问题。本研究的目的是使用多种标准来识别错误报告者，研究错误报告对 EI 与体重状况之间关联的影响，并定义 2007 年澳大利亚儿童调查中错误报告者的特征。本研究使用了 2007 年澳大利亚儿童调查的数据，该调查包括了 4800 名 2-16 岁的儿童，根据 EI、体力活动水平（PAL）、年龄、性别、身高和体重状况，检查了错误报告的程度。探讨了使用 Goldberg 截断值识别错误报告者的三种选择，并在儿童的子集中直接比较 EI 与能量消耗（TEE）。线性回归用于确定错误报告对 EI 与体重状况之间关联的影响。根据所使用的选项，所有儿童的低报率从 5.0%到 6.7%不等，高报率从 1.6%到 3.0%不等。EI 与 TEE 的直接比较得出了相似的结果。回归分析表明，排除错误报告者提供了检查 EI 与 BMI 之间横断面关联的最佳模型。与低报相关的特征包括年龄较大、女性、BMI 较高、PAL 较高、居住在城市地区、父母教育水平较低以及调查当天感觉不适。低 BMI 和低 PAL 的儿童更常高报。总之，2007 年澳大利亚儿童调查的各个亚组中都存在 EI 的错误报告。使用者应认识到错误报告对 EI 与体重之间关联的影响。
