Martínez-Arroyo Angela, Duarte Batista Lais, Corvalán Aguilar Camila, Fisberg Regina Mara
Food Behavior Research Center (CEIC), School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
Children (Basel). 2022 Feb 21;9(2):293. doi: 10.3390/children9020293.
Misreporting of energy intake (EI) in self-reported dietary assessment is inevitable, and even less is known about which food items are misreported by low-middle income adolescents. We evaluated the prevalence of misreporting of energy intake and its relationship with nutrients and food intake.
We analyzed 24 h dietary recalls collected from 576 adolescents (52.08% boys) from southeastern Santiago. Anthropometrics measurements and information about sociodemographic characteristics were obtained during clinical visits. The method proposed by McCrory et al. was used to identify under-reporters (UnRs), over-reporters (OvRs), or plausible reporters (PRs). Food items were collapsed into 28 categories and every food item was expressed as a percentage of total EI. Logistic regression models were performed to investigate the factors associated with misreporting, and a two-part model was used to estimate the difference in the percentage of EI between UnRs versus PRs, and OvRs versus PRs in each food item.
Half of the participants were classified as UnRs and 9% were OvRs. UnR was higher among boys (62%) and adolescents with overweight and obesity (72%). OvR was higher among adolescents with normal weight. UnRs had a lower intake of energy from cookies/cake, chocolate/confectionery, and a higher intake of vegetables and eggs than PRs. OvRs had a higher intake of cookies/cake, chocolate/confectionery, and a lower intake of fruit, white milk, and yogurt than PRs.
A high frequency of UnR among boys and participants with excess weight was found in this study. Healthy and unhealthy foods are reported differently between UnRs and OvRs of energy intake, indicating that bias is specific for some food items that adolescents commonly eat.
在自我报告的饮食评估中，能量摄入（EI）误报不可避免，而关于中低收入青少年误报哪些食物的情况知之甚少。我们评估了能量摄入误报的患病率及其与营养素和食物摄入量的关系。
我们分析了从圣地亚哥东南部576名青少年（52.08%为男孩）收集的24小时饮食回忆。在临床就诊期间获取人体测量数据和社会人口学特征信息。采用麦克罗里等人提出的方法来识别低报者（UnRs）、高报者（OvRs）或合理报告者（PRs）。食物项目被归为28类，每个食物项目表示为总EI的百分比。进行逻辑回归模型以研究与误报相关的因素，并使用两部分模型估计每个食物项目中UnRs与PRs以及OvRs与PRs之间EI百分比的差异。
一半的参与者被归类为UnRs，9%为OvRs。男孩（62%）以及超重和肥胖青少年（72%）中UnR的比例更高。正常体重青少年中OvR的比例更高。与PRs相比，UnRs从饼干/蛋糕、巧克力/糖果中摄入的能量较低，而蔬菜和鸡蛋的摄入量较高。与PRs相比，OvRs摄入的饼干/蛋糕、巧克力/糖果较多，而水果、白牛奶和酸奶的摄入量较低。
本研究发现男孩和超重参与者中UnR的频率较高。能量摄入的低报者和高报者在健康和不健康食物的报告上存在差异，这表明偏差特定于青少年常见的某些食物项目。
