Turkez Hasan, Togar Başak, Polat Elif
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Cytotechnology. 2012 Aug;64(4):459-64. doi: 10.1007/s10616-011-9424-z. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Permethrin is a common synthetic chemical, widely used as an insecticide in agriculture and other domestic applications. The previous reports indicated that permethrin is a highly toxic synthetic pyrethroid pesticide to human and environmental health. Therefore, the present experiment was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of olive leaf extract in modulating the permethrin induced genotoxic and oxidative damage in rats. The animals used were broadly divided into four (A, B, C and D) experimental groups. Group A rats served as control animals and received distilled water intraperitoneally (n = 5). Groups B and C rats received intraperitoneal injections of permethrin (60 mg kg(-1) b.w) and olive leaf extract (500 mg kg(-1) b.w), respectively. Group D rats received permethrin (60 mg kg(-1) b.w) plus olive leaf extract (500 mg kg(-1) b.w). Rats were orally administered their respective feed daily for 21 days. At the end of the experiment rats were anesthetized and serum and bone marrow cell samples were obtained. Genotoxic damage was assessed by micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays. Total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status were also measured in serum samples to assess oxidative status. Treatment of Group B with permethrin resulted in genotoxic damage and increased total oxidant status levels. Permethrin treatment also significantly decreased (P < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity level when compared to Group A rats. Group C rats showed significant increases (P < 0.05) in total antioxidant capacity level and no alterations in cytogenetic parameters. Moreover, simultaneous treatments with olive leaf extract significantly modulated the toxic effects of permethrin in Group D rats. It can be concluded that olive leaf extract has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize permethrin toxicity. As a result, this investigation clearly revealed the protective role of olive leaf extract against the genetic and oxidative damage by permethrin in vivo for the first time.
氯菊酯是一种常见的合成化学品，在农业和其他家庭应用中广泛用作杀虫剂。先前的报告表明，氯菊酯是一种对人类和环境健康具有高毒性的合成拟除虫菊酯类农药。因此，本实验旨在确定橄榄叶提取物对氯菊酯诱导的大鼠遗传毒性和氧化损伤的调节作用。所用动物大致分为四个（A、B、C和D）实验组。A组大鼠作为对照动物，腹腔注射蒸馏水（n = 5）。B组和C组大鼠分别腹腔注射氯菊酯（60 mg kg⁻¹体重）和橄榄叶提取物（500 mg kg⁻¹体重）。D组大鼠接受氯菊酯（60 mg kg⁻¹体重）加橄榄叶提取物（500 mg kg⁻¹体重）。大鼠每天口服各自的饲料，持续21天。实验结束时，将大鼠麻醉并采集血清和骨髓细胞样本。通过微核试验和染色体畸变试验评估遗传毒性损伤。还测量血清样本中的总抗氧化能力和总氧化剂状态，以评估氧化状态。用氯菊酯处理B组导致遗传毒性损伤并增加总氧化剂状态水平。与A组大鼠相比，氯菊酯处理还显著降低（P < 0.05）总抗氧化能力水平。C组大鼠的总抗氧化能力水平显著增加（P < 0.05），细胞遗传学参数无变化。此外，同时用橄榄叶提取物处理可显著调节D组大鼠中氯菊酯的毒性作用。可以得出结论，橄榄叶提取物具有有益影响，并且能够拮抗氯菊酯的毒性。因此，本研究首次清楚地揭示了橄榄叶提取物在体内对氯菊酯所致遗传和氧化损伤的保护作用。
