Campbell Norm R C, Johnson Jillian A, Campbell Tavis S
Departments of Medicine, of Community Health Sciences, and of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4Z6.
Int J Hypertens. 2012;2012:860954. doi: 10.1155/2012/860954. Epub 2012 Jan 3.
Excess intake of dietary salt is estimated to be one of the leading risks to health worldwide. Major national and international health organizations, along with many governments around the world, have called for reductions in the consumption of dietary salt. This paper discusses behavioural and population interventions as mechanisms to reduce dietary salt. In developed countries, salt added during food processing is the dominant source of salt and largely outside of the direct control of individuals. Population-based interventions have the potential to improve health and to be cost saving for these countries. In developing economies, where salt added in cooking and at the table is the dominant source, interventions based on education and behaviour change have been estimated to be highly cost effective. Regardless, countries with either developed or developing economies can benefit from the integration of both population and behavioural change interventions.
据估计，膳食盐摄入过量是全球主要的健康风险之一。主要的国家和国际卫生组织，以及世界上许多国家的政府，都呼吁减少膳食盐的摄入量。本文讨论了行为干预和针对人群的干预措施，将其作为减少膳食盐摄入的机制。在发达国家，食品加工过程中添加的盐是盐的主要来源，而且很大程度上不在个人的直接控制范围内。基于人群的干预措施有改善健康状况并为这些国家节省成本的潜力。在发展中经济体，烹饪和餐桌上添加的盐是主要来源，据估计，基于教育和行为改变的干预措施具有很高的成本效益。无论如何，发达经济体或发展中经济体的国家都可以从将针对人群的干预措施和行为改变干预措施相结合中受益。
