Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012 Sep;112(9):3361-7. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-2296-2. Epub 2012 Jan 22.
Oxidative stress is supposed to be responsible for a diversity of diseases. For protection purposes, the human organism exhibits a line-up of antioxidant substances functioning as radical catchers. As a result of neutralization of free radicals, antioxidants are destroyed. Therefore, the degradation of the antioxidants can be utilized as an indirect parameter for the measurement of free radical formation. As physical exercise may also induce oxidative stress, the aim of the present study was to determine the antioxidant substances, and more precisely, the carotenoid concentration in the skin of male volunteers during different sportive exposures (cycling and running with two different exercise intensities) with resonance Raman spectroscopic measurements. The results revealed that moderate and high intensity cycling and running decrease the carotenoid concentration of the skin, whereas both sport disciplines and both exercise intensities revealed similar results. It can be concluded that above a certain threshold, physical exercise leads to oxidative stress also in the skin associated with the decrease in the antioxidant concentration. This gives rise to the impairment of the first defence line of the skin and means an increase in the risk of sun exposure-induced damage, e.g., when exercise training is performed outside. Nevertheless, it has to be emphasized that sport in general applied at moderate loads has predominantly positive effects on the health of humans especially concerning cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
氧化应激被认为是多种疾病的罪魁祸首。为了保护人体，人类机体展示了一系列的抗氧化物质，作为自由基的捕获者。由于自由基的中和，抗氧化剂被破坏。因此，抗氧化剂的降解可以作为自由基形成的间接参数进行测量。由于体育锻炼也可能导致氧化应激，本研究的目的是通过共振拉曼光谱测量来确定男性志愿者在不同运动暴露（不同强度的骑行和跑步）期间皮肤中的抗氧化物质，更准确地说是类胡萝卜素浓度。结果表明，中等强度和高强度的骑行和跑步会降低皮肤中的类胡萝卜素浓度，而这两种运动方式和两种运动强度都显示出相似的结果。可以得出结论，超过一定的阈值，体育锻炼也会导致皮肤的氧化应激，伴随着抗氧化剂浓度的降低。这会损害皮肤的第一道防线，意味着暴露在阳光下引起的损伤的风险增加，例如，当在户外进行运动训练时。然而，必须强调的是，一般来说，适度负荷的运动对人类的健康有主要的积极影响，特别是对心血管和代谢疾病。
