Golbabapour Shahram, Abdulla Mahmood Ameen, Hajrezaei Maryam
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(12):8661-94. doi: 10.3390/ijms12128661. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
Epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for the regulation of transcription of imprinted genes and those that induce a totipotent state. Starting just after fertilization, DNA methylation pattern undergoes establishment, reestablishment and maintenance. These modifications are important for normal embryo and placental developments. Throughout life and passing to the next generation, epigenetic events establish, maintain, erase and reestablish. In the context of differentiated cell reprogramming, demethylation and activation of genes whose expressions contribute to the pluripotent state is the crux of the matter. In this review, firstly, regulatory epigenetic mechanisms related to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) reprogramming are discussed, followed by embryonic development, and placental epigenetic issues.
表观遗传机制负责调控印记基因以及诱导全能状态的基因的转录。从受精后不久开始，DNA甲基化模式经历建立、重新建立和维持过程。这些修饰对于正常胚胎和胎盘发育至关重要。在整个生命过程中并传递给下一代时，表观遗传事件不断建立、维持、消除和重新建立。在分化细胞重编程的背景下，那些对多能状态有贡献的基因的去甲基化和激活是关键所在。在本综述中，首先讨论与体细胞核移植（SCNT）重编程相关的调控表观遗传机制，接着是胚胎发育以及胎盘表观遗传问题。
