Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, 16 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Vaccine. 2011 Dec 30;29 Suppl 4:D97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.003. Epub 2012 Jan 26.
Interest and support for malaria control, eradication, and research has increased greatly over the past decade. This has resulted from appreciation of the huge medical, social, and economic burden that malaria exacts from endemic populations. Recent breakthroughs in drug development (artemisinin-based combination treatments), preventive interventions (long-lasting, insecticide-treated bed nets), improved diagnosis (rapid diagnostic tests), and community mobilization have resulted in deployment of new antimalarial tools. National programs supported by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, and other donors have resulted in substantial reductions in malaria morbidity and mortality. Bill and Melinda Gates have given great impetus to eradication with support for the development of key research strategies and direct funding of innovative research projects, including malaria vaccine and drug discovery, that could decrease disease and transmission. Linking research to field operations is a strategy that succeeded for smallpox eradication and will be required for the demise of malaria.
在过去的十年中，人们对疟疾控制、消除和研究的兴趣和支持大大增加。这是因为人们认识到疟疾给流行地区的人口带来了巨大的医疗、社会和经济负担。最近在药物开发（青蒿素为基础的联合疗法）、预防干预（长效、经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐）、改进诊断（快速诊断测试）和社区动员方面取得的突破，导致了新的抗疟工具的部署。在全球抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金、美国总统疟疾倡议以及其他捐助者的支持下，各国开展了国家规划，使得疟疾发病率和死亡率大幅下降。比尔和梅林达·盖茨大力推动消除疟疾，支持制定关键研究战略，并直接为创新研究项目提供资金，包括疟疾疫苗和药物发现，这将有助于减少疾病和传播。将研究与实地行动联系起来是一种成功的策略，天花的消除就是如此，疟疾的消除也需要这种策略。
