Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
Planta Med. 2012 Sep;78(13):1478-89. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1298273. Epub 2012 Feb 9.
Phytochemicals have been components of man's diet for millennia and are believed to have played a significant role in steering the functional development of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and transporters within the human gastrointestinal tract. Only recently, however, have plant secondary metabolites been recognized as modulators of human drug disposition. Despite exposure to thousands of structurally diverse dietary phytochemicals, only a few appear to significantly modulate human drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. In some instances, these interactions may have beneficial effects like cancer prevention, whereas others may dramatically affect the pharmacokinetics of concomitantly administered drugs. In today's global economy, the opportunity for exposure to more exotic phytochemicals is significantly enhanced. Formulated as concentrated phytochemical extracts, botanical dietary supplements are vehicles for a host of plant secondary metabolites rarely encountered in the normal diet. When taken with conventional medications, botanical dietary supplements may give rise to clinically significant herb-drug interactions. These interactions stem from phytochemical-mediated induction and/or inhibition of human drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters.
植物化学物质是人类饮食的组成部分已有数千年的历史，据信它们在引导人类胃肠道中外源代谢酶和转运体的功能发展方面发挥了重要作用。然而，直到最近，植物次生代谢物才被认为是调节人体药物处置的调节剂。尽管接触了数千种结构多样的膳食植物化学物质，但只有少数几种似乎能显著调节人体药物代谢酶和转运体。在某些情况下，这些相互作用可能具有有益的效果，如预防癌症，而其他相互作用则可能会显著影响同时给予的药物的药代动力学。在当今的全球经济中，接触更多外来植物化学物质的机会大大增加。植物化学物质浓缩提取物被制成植物性膳食补充剂，这些补充剂中含有许多在正常饮食中很少遇到的植物次生代谢物。当与常规药物一起服用时，植物性膳食补充剂可能会引起临床显著的草药-药物相互作用。这些相互作用源于植物化学物质介导的人类药物代谢酶和转运体的诱导和/或抑制。
