Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9140, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Appetite. 2012 Jun;58(3):907-13. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.02.004. Epub 2012 Feb 10.
The present study experimentally tested whether the effect of olfactory food-cue exposure on young women's food intake was moderated by the duration of the cue exposure and trait impulsivity. The study employed a 2 (food-cue exposure: smell of baked cookies present vs. no-smell present) by 2 (duration of cue exposure: short-term vs. long-term) between-participants design. Participants were 109 normal-weight young women (mean age=21.6 years) whose food intake was examined during a bogus taste-test. Additional saliva measures were taken during food-cue exposure. Results showed that the duration of the cue exposure did not affect intake. Impulsivity moderated intake, but not saliva flow. Low impulsive females consumed more food when confronted with an olfactory food-cue, whereas high-impulsive females did not eat more after food-cue exposure. Our findings may be explained by the fact that we did not instruct our participants to pay attention to the olfactory food-cue. Results indicate that even people who are normally well controlled are susceptible to the effects of less explicit olfactory food-cues.
本研究通过实验测试了嗅觉食物线索暴露对年轻女性食物摄入量的影响是否受到线索暴露持续时间和特质冲动性的调节。该研究采用了 2（食物线索暴露：烤饼干的气味存在与不存在）×2（线索暴露持续时间：短期与长期）的被试间设计。参与者为 109 名正常体重的年轻女性（平均年龄=21.6 岁），在虚假味觉测试期间检查了她们的食物摄入量。在食物线索暴露期间还进行了其他唾液测量。结果表明，线索暴露的持续时间并不影响摄入量。冲动性调节了摄入量，但不调节唾液流量。低冲动性女性在面对嗅觉食物线索时会摄入更多的食物，而高冲动性女性在食物线索暴露后并不会多吃。我们的发现可以用以下事实来解释：我们没有指示参与者注意嗅觉食物线索。结果表明，即使是通常自我控制良好的人也容易受到不太明显的嗅觉食物线索的影响。
