Kim Chang-Keun, Callaway Zak, Fujisawa Takao
Asthma & Allergy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul 139-707, Korea.
Asia Pac Allergy. 2012 Jan;2(1):3-14. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.2012.2.1.3. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
There is a growing list of viruses and bacteria associated with wheezing illness and asthma. It is well known that a few of these pathogens are strongly associated with wheezing illness and asthma exacerbations. What is not known is if early childhood infections with these pathogens cause asthma, and, if so, exactly what are the pathophysiologic mechanisms behind its development. The current consensus is respiratory infection works together with allergy to produce the immune and physiologic conditions necessary for asthma diasthesis. One link between respiratory infection and asthma may be the eosinophil, a cell that plays prominently in asthma and allergy, but can also be found in the body in response to infection. In turn, the eosinophil and its associated products may be novel therapeutic targets, or at the very least used to elucidate the complex pathophysiologic pathways of asthma and other respiratory illnesses. Together or separately, they can also be used for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. The optimal care of a patient must take into consideration not only symptoms, but also the underlying disease mechanisms.
与喘息性疾病和哮喘相关的病毒和细菌种类越来越多。众所周知，其中一些病原体与喘息性疾病和哮喘发作密切相关。尚不清楚的是，儿童早期感染这些病原体会不会引发哮喘，如果会，那么其发病背后确切的病理生理机制是什么。目前的共识是，呼吸道感染与过敏共同作用，产生哮喘素质所需的免疫和生理条件。呼吸道感染与哮喘之间的一个联系可能是嗜酸性粒细胞，这种细胞在哮喘和过敏中起重要作用，但在身体对感染作出反应时也会出现。反过来，嗜酸性粒细胞及其相关产物可能是新的治疗靶点，或者至少可用于阐明哮喘和其他呼吸道疾病复杂的病理生理途径。它们一起或单独使用，还可用于诊断、治疗和监测。对患者的最佳护理不仅要考虑症状，还要考虑潜在的疾病机制。
