Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 1/Varia, 20014, Turun Yliopisto, Finland.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Jun;21(6):301-13. doi: 10.1007/s00787-012-0261-1. Epub 2012 Feb 19.
The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence, co-occurrence, and psychosocial determinants of self-perceived headache, abdominal pain, and sleep problems among adolescents. The adolescents from two cities in Finland (n = 2,215, 90.9% of the target population) attending 7th and 9th grade (age range 13-18 years) participated in the cross-sectional survey inquiring about frequency of headache, abdominal pain, sleep problems, and psychosocial difficulties. The 6-month prevalence of weekly headache was 13%, abdominal pain 6%, and sleep problems 27%. All three symptoms were strongly associated with each other. Of the adolescents suffering from one symptom, 32% reported one co-occurring symptom and 17% two co-occurring symptoms. In the multivariate analysis, female gender, experience of psychological difficulties, emotional symptoms, smoking, victimization, and feeling not cared about by teachers were independently associated with all the individual symptoms, as well as an increasing number of symptoms. Sleep problems were associated with older age and peer and alcohol problems. Abdominal pain was associated with conduct problems, and both headache and abdominal pain were linked with immigration background. An increasing number of symptoms was associated with older age, having a chronic illness, and conduct and alcohol problems. Adolescents' headache, abdominal pain and sleep problems were common and often co-occurred. An increasing frequency of each symptom and number of symptoms were associated with psychosocial factors in a similar way. Screening for psychiatric symptoms, substance use, victimization and difficulties with teachers should be included in the assessment of adolescents who suffer from recurrent headache, abdominal pain or sleep problems.
本研究旨在调查青少年自述头痛、腹痛和睡眠问题的流行率、共病情况及其心理社会决定因素。芬兰两个城市的青少年（n=2215，目标人群的 90.9%）参加了这项横断面调查，询问他们头痛、腹痛、睡眠问题和心理社会困难的频率。每周头痛的 6 个月患病率为 13%，腹痛为 6%，睡眠问题为 27%。所有这三种症状都密切相关。在患有一种症状的青少年中，有 32%报告有一种共病症状，17%报告两种共病症状。在多变量分析中，女性、经历心理困难、情绪症状、吸烟、受害和感觉不被老师关心与所有个体症状以及症状数量的增加有关。睡眠问题与年龄较大、同伴和酒精问题有关。腹痛与品行问题有关，头痛和腹痛都与移民背景有关。症状数量的增加与年龄较大、患有慢性疾病以及品行和酒精问题有关。青少年的头痛、腹痛和睡眠问题很常见，且经常同时发生。每种症状和症状数量的增加频率都以相似的方式与心理社会因素有关。对反复发作头痛、腹痛或睡眠问题的青少年进行精神症状、物质使用、受害和与教师困难的筛查应该纳入评估。
