Department of Biobehavioral Health and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2012 Sep;26(3):633-7. doi: 10.1037/a0027280. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
The current study examined whether prequit trait negative mood and smoking motives have different predictive patterns of smoking relapse in men and women. Thirty-three female (mean age±SEM: 34.9±2.5) and 38 male (mean age±SEM: 37.1±2.3) smokers interested in smoking cessation completed forms on smoking history, negative mood (i.e., depression, anxiety, and anger), stress, and smoking motives. Participants also provided samples for measurement of cotinine and carbon monoxide. Then, they set a quit date and were required to abstain from smoking at least for 24 hours. Participants were followed up for 12 months postcessation to measure their smoking status. Cox proportional hazard models revealed that motivation to reduce craving was a unique predictor of smoking relapse in men, while depressive mood, anxiety, anger, and perceived stress were predictive of time to relapse among women. These findings remained significant after statistically controlling for smoking-related variables, providing preliminary evidence that different factors may be associated with nicotine withdrawal and smoking relapse in men and women.
本研究考察了戒烟前的负面情绪和吸烟动机是否对男性和女性的吸烟复吸具有不同的预测模式。33 名女性（平均年龄±SEM：34.9±2.5）和 38 名男性（平均年龄±SEM：37.1±2.3）有戒烟意愿的吸烟者完成了关于吸烟史、负面情绪（即抑郁、焦虑和愤怒）、压力和吸烟动机的问卷。参与者还提供了可替宁和一氧化碳的样本进行测量。然后，他们设定了戒烟日期，并被要求至少 24 小时不吸烟。在戒烟后 12 个月对参与者进行随访，以测量他们的吸烟状况。Cox 比例风险模型显示，减少烟瘾的动机是男性吸烟复吸的一个独特预测因素，而抑郁情绪、焦虑、愤怒和感知压力是女性复吸时间的预测因素。在对与吸烟相关的变量进行统计学控制后，这些发现仍然具有统计学意义，初步表明不同因素可能与男性和女性的尼古丁戒断和吸烟复吸有关。
