Department of Urology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Curr Urol Rep. 2012 Apr;13(2):122-35. doi: 10.1007/s11934-012-0237-1.
Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (UCB) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy that causes significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in surgical and medical treatment, there has been no change in mortality in UCB over the past decades. Standard pathological features (stage, grade, nodal status) provide only limited information regarding biological potential and clinical behavior. Molecular biomarkers may shed light on important mechanisms of pathogenesis, provide useful additional prognostic information, and serve as targets for therapy. This review summarizes recent advances and the most promising UCB tissue and blood biomarkers of the past few years. We discuss the predictive and prognostic value of biomarkers at different stages of UCB. There is no doubt that a panel of biomarkers will eventually improve our clinical decision-making with regard to treatment and follow-up.
膀胱癌是一种高度异质性的恶性肿瘤，导致发病率和死亡率都很高。尽管在手术和医疗方面取得了进展，但过去几十年来膀胱癌的死亡率没有变化。标准的病理特征（分期、分级、淋巴结状态）仅提供了关于生物学潜能和临床行为的有限信息。分子生物标志物可能揭示发病机制的重要机制，提供有用的额外预后信息，并作为治疗的靶点。本综述总结了过去几年膀胱癌组织和血液生物标志物的最新进展和最有前途的生物标志物。我们讨论了生物标志物在膀胱癌不同阶段的预测和预后价值。毫无疑问，一组生物标志物最终将改善我们在治疗和随访方面的临床决策。
