膳食类黄酮摄入量与美国男女 2 型糖尿病风险的关系。

Dietary flavonoid intakes and risk of type 2 diabetes in US men and women.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

出版信息

Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Apr;95(4):925-33. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.028894. Epub 2012 Feb 22.

DOI:10.3945/ajcn.111.028894

PMID:22357723

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3302366/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Data from mechanistic studies support a beneficial effect of specific flavonoids on insulin sensitivity. However, few studies have evaluated the relation between intakes of different flavonoid subclasses and type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

The objective was to evaluate whether dietary intakes of major flavonoid subclasses (ie, flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins) are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in US adults.

DESIGN

We followed up a total of 70,359 women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1984-2008), 89,201 women in the NHS II (1991-2007), and 41,334 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2006) who were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline.

RESULTS

During 3,645,585 person-years of follow-up, we documented 12,611 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. Higher intakes of anthocyanins were significantly associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (pooled HR for the 3 cohorts from a comparison of extreme quintiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.91; P-trend < 0.001) after multivariate adjustment for age, BMI, and lifestyle and dietary factors. Consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods, particularly blueberries (pooled HR: 0.77 from a comparison of ≥2 servings/wk with <1 serving/mo; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.87; P-trend < 0.001) and apples/pears (pooled HR: 0.77 from a comparison of ≥5 servings/wk with <1 serving/mo; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.83; P-trend < 0.001), was also associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. No significant associations were found for total flavonoid intake or other flavonoid subclasses.

CONCLUSION

A higher consumption of anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich fruit was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

摘要

背景

来自机制研究的数据支持特定类黄酮对胰岛素敏感性有益。然而，很少有研究评估不同类黄酮亚类的摄入量与 2 型糖尿病之间的关系。

目的

本研究旨在评估美国成年人饮食中主要类黄酮亚类（即黄酮醇、黄酮、黄烷酮、黄烷-3-醇和花色苷）的摄入量与 2 型糖尿病风险之间的关系。

设计

我们对参加护士健康研究（NHS；1984-2008 年）的 70359 名女性、参加 NHS II（1991-2007 年）的 89201 名女性和参加健康专业人员随访研究（1986-2006 年）的 41334 名男性进行了随访，这些人在基线时没有糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。

结果

在 3645585 人年的随访期间，我们共记录了 12611 例 2 型糖尿病新发病例。经年龄、BMI、生活方式和饮食因素的多变量调整后，花色苷摄入量较高与 2 型糖尿病风险降低显著相关（来自三个队列的合并 HR：极端五分位组比较，0.85；95%CI：0.80，0.91；P 趋势<0.001）。花色苷含量丰富的食物，特别是蓝莓（与每月<1 份相比，每周≥2 份的 HR：0.77；95%CI：0.68，0.87；P 趋势<0.001）和苹果/梨（与每月<1 份相比，每周≥5 份的 HR：0.77；95%CI：0.65，0.83；P 趋势<0.001）的摄入与 2 型糖尿病风险降低也显著相关。总类黄酮摄入量或其他类黄酮亚类与 2 型糖尿病之间无显著相关性。