Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse, Université Toulouse III, AMIS FRE 2960 CNRS, 37 allées Jules Guesde, 31000, Toulouse, France.
Int J Legal Med. 2013 Jan;127(1):169-76. doi: 10.1007/s00414-012-0678-6. Epub 2012 Feb 23.
Characterization of sharp-force trauma on human bones can be extremely useful in providing information regarding the nature and context of death. Nevertheless, in the identification of weapons used to cause sharp-force trauma and analysis of bone wounds, challenging tasks still remain. Current analysis attempting to dissect bone wound characteristics varied quite a lot and mixed different criteria, thus leading sometimes to conflicting results. In this context, the aim of our study is to clarify qualitative aspects of cut marks induced by sharp weapons on human bones. For that purpose, we analyzed bone samples via an original approach based on bone autofluorescence with an epifluorescence macroscope and compared it to previous existing methods. In this study, we used bone sections from human clavicles on which three different kinds of lesions were manually implemented, using different weapons. The bone wounds were analyzed by three different methodologies, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and micro-computed tomography, and were compared with epifluorescence macroscopy. We paid attention more significantly to the aspect of walls and floor of the kerf, so as to conclude on the nature and distinguish between weapons used. Among all technologies used in this study, the most precise and efficient methods were epifluorescence macroscopy and SEM. Nonetheless, epifluorescence macroscopy is faster, cheaper, and more accessible than SEM. More significantly, this technique, which has the potential to accurately document the nature of the damage, is nondestructive, and could thus be highly useful in forensic science as anthropology.
对人类骨骼上的锐器伤进行特征描述，对于提供有关死亡性质和背景的信息非常有用。然而，在确定用于造成锐器伤的武器以及分析骨伤时，仍然存在具有挑战性的任务。目前，试图剖析骨伤特征的分析方法差异很大，混合使用了不同的标准，因此有时会导致相互矛盾的结果。在这种情况下，我们研究的目的是阐明锐器在人类骨骼上造成的切割痕迹的定性方面。为此，我们通过基于骨自发荧光的原始方法分析了骨样本，并将其与以前存在的方法进行了比较。在这项研究中，我们使用了来自人类锁骨的骨切片，这些骨切片上用不同的武器手动实施了三种不同类型的损伤。用光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和微计算机断层扫描对骨伤进行了分析，并与荧光显微镜进行了比较。我们更加关注切口的壁和底部的情况，以便对武器的性质进行推断和区分。在本研究中使用的所有技术中，最精确和有效的方法是荧光显微镜和 SEM。然而，荧光显微镜比 SEM 更快、更便宜、更容易获得。更重要的是，这种技术具有准确记录损伤性质的潜力，是非破坏性的，因此在法医学和人类学领域可能非常有用。
