Capuani Caroline, Telmon Norbert, Moscovici Jacques, Molinier François, Aymeric Andre, Delisle Marie-Bernadette, Rougé Daniel, Guilbeau-Frugier Céline
Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et Histologie-Cytologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil-Larrey, 1 avenue Professeur Jean Poulhès, 31059, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France,
Int J Legal Med. 2014 Nov;128(6):1059-66. doi: 10.1007/s00414-014-1022-0. Epub 2014 May 24.
Characteristics of sharp bone trauma can be extremely useful to determine the origin of cut marks and to provide information regarding the context of death. Using human ribs and clavicle bones, this study analyzes the characteristics of bone kerfs made by different bladed implements, thanks to epifluorescence macroscopy. This technique, which is a nondestructive tool that uses autofluorescence of bones, documents bone damage precisely with high resolution. Both qualitative and quantitative criteria are analyzed. Our results identify unique class characteristics on bone lesions, allowing modeling kerf depending on the weapon, regardless of the type of bone that is wounded. Moreover, we demonstrate for the first time microscopic criteria of directionality, using fluorescence excitation. Orientation of cracks, flakes, and lateral pushing back especially helps in determining the tip and the end of the lesion, leading to the position of the aggressor. Kerf wall characteristics and striation location are also very useful. Epifluorescence macroscopy could be a new tool of choice in anthropology through cut mark analysis in establishing how the blade was used and providing details about the blow.
锐器造成的骨骼创伤特征对于确定切割痕迹的来源以及提供有关死亡背景的信息极为有用。本研究利用人类肋骨和锁骨，借助落射荧光宏观显微镜分析了不同刃具造成的骨切痕特征。这项技术是一种利用骨骼自身荧光的无损工具，能够以高分辨率精确记录骨骼损伤情况。研究对定性和定量标准都进行了分析。我们的研究结果确定了骨损伤上独特的类别特征，能够根据武器类型对切痕进行建模，而不论受伤骨骼的类型。此外，我们首次利用荧光激发展示了方向性的微观标准。裂缝、碎片的方向以及侧向推挤尤其有助于确定损伤的尖端和末端，从而推断攻击者的位置。切痕壁特征和条纹位置也非常有用。落射荧光宏观显微镜通过对切割痕迹的分析，在确定刃具的使用方式并提供打击细节方面，可能成为人类学领域新的首选工具。
