Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2012 Mar;27(3):225-31. doi: 10.1007/s10654-012-9661-2. Epub 2012 Mar 3.
Most previous studies of burnout have focused on work environmental stressors, while familial factors so far mainly have been overlooked. The aim of the study was to estimate the relative importance of genetic influences on burnout (measured with Pines Burnout Measure) in a sample of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) Swedish twins. The study sample consisted of 20,286 individuals, born 1959-1986 from the Swedish twin registry who participated in the cross-sectional study of twin adults: genes and environment. Probandwise concordance rates (the risk for one twin to be affected given that his/her twin partner is affected by burnout) and within pair correlations were calculated for MZ and DZ same--and opposite sexed twin pairs. Heritability coefficients i.e. the proportion of the total variance attributable to genetic factors were calculated using standard biometrical model fitting procedures. The results showed that genetic factors explained 33% of the individual differences in burnout symptoms in women and men. Environmental factors explained a substantial part of the variation as well and are thus important to address in rehabilitation and prevention efforts to combat burnout.
大多数先前关于职业倦怠的研究都集中在工作环境压力源上，而家庭因素迄今为止主要被忽视。本研究的目的是评估遗传因素对 burnout（用 Pines Burnout Measure 衡量）在瑞典同卵（MZ）和异卵（DZ）双胞胎样本中的相对重要性。该研究样本由 20286 名出生于 1959 年至 1986 年的个体组成，来自瑞典双胞胎登记处，他们参加了双胞胎成人的横断面研究：基因与环境。对 MZ 和 DZ 同性和异性双胞胎对进行了对分者一致性率（给定双胞胎的双胞胎伴侣患有 burnout，则一个双胞胎受影响的风险）和对内部相关性的计算。使用标准的生物计量模型拟合程序计算遗传系数，即遗传因素占总方差的比例。结果表明，遗传因素解释了女性和男性 burnout 症状个体差异的 33%。环境因素也解释了很大一部分变异，因此在康复和预防倦怠的努力中，这些因素很重要。
