Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2012 Sep;48(5):1254-61. doi: 10.1037/a0027530. Epub 2012 Mar 5.
What infants decide to do does not necessarily reflect the extent of what they know. In the current study, 17-month-olds were encouraged to walk through openings of varying width under risk of entrapment. Infants erred by squeezing into openings that were too small and became stuck, suggesting that they did not accurately perceive whether they could fit. However, a second penalty condition revealed accurate action selection when errors resulted in falling, indicating that infants are indeed perceptually sensitive to fitting through openings. Furthermore, independent measures of perception were equivalent between the two penalty conditions, suggesting that differences in action selection resulted from different penalties, not lack of perceptual sensitivity.
婴儿的决定并不一定反映他们的认知程度。在当前的研究中，研究人员鼓励 17 个月大的婴儿在可能被卡住的风险下穿过不同宽度的开口。婴儿会错误地挤进太小的开口而被卡住，这表明他们无法准确感知自己是否能通过。然而，当错误导致摔倒时，第二个惩罚条件揭示了准确的动作选择，表明婴儿确实对通过开口有感知敏感性。此外，两个惩罚条件下的独立感知测量结果相当，这表明动作选择的差异是由于不同的惩罚，而不是缺乏感知敏感性。
