Barwon Psychiatric Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Australia.
J Affect Disord. 2012 Dec 1;141(1):79-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.018. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
There is an increasing recognition of the role of nutrition in depression and anxiety. Magnesium, folate and zinc have all been implicated in depressive illness, however there are few data on these nutrients in anxiety disorders and the data from population-studies are limited.
In a large, randomly-selected, population-based sample of women, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the dietary intakes of these three micronutrients and clinically determined depressive and anxiety disorders and symptoms.
Nutrient intakes were determined using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The General Health Questionnaire-12 measured psychological symptoms, and a clinical interview (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR, non-patient edition) assessed current depressive and anxiety disorders.
After adjustments for energy intake, each standard deviation increase in the intake of zinc, magnesium and folate was associated with reduced odds ratio (OR) for major depression/dysthymia (zinc: OR=0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31 to 0.88; magnesium: OR=0.60, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.96; folate: OR=0.66, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.97). There was also an inverse association between the intake of magnesium and zinc and GHQ-12 scores (zinc: zβ=-0.16, 95% CI -0.29 to -0.04; magnesium: -0.14, 95% CI -0.26 to -0.03). These relationships were not confounded by age, socioeconomic status, education or other health behaviours. There was no relationship observed between any nutrient and anxiety disorders.
These results demonstrate an association between the dietary intakes of magnesium, folate and zinc and depressive illnesses, although reverse causality and/or confounding cannot be ruled out as explanations.
人们越来越认识到营养在抑郁和焦虑中的作用。镁、叶酸和锌都与抑郁疾病有关，但关于焦虑障碍中这些营养素的数据很少，人群研究的数据也有限。
在一项针对大量随机选择的、基于人群的女性样本的研究中，本研究旨在探讨这三种微量营养素的饮食摄入量与临床确定的抑郁和焦虑障碍及症状之间的关系。
使用经过验证的食物频率问卷来确定营养素摄入量。一般健康问卷-12 测量心理症状，临床访谈（DSM-IV-TR 结构临床访谈，非患者版）评估当前的抑郁和焦虑障碍。
在调整能量摄入后，锌、镁和叶酸摄入量每增加一个标准差，与重度抑郁症/恶劣心境的比值比（OR）降低相关（锌：OR=0.52，95%置信区间（CI）0.31 至 0.88；镁：OR=0.60，95% CI 0.37 至 0.96；叶酸：OR=0.66，95% CI 0.45 至 0.97）。镁和锌的摄入量与 GHQ-12 评分之间也存在反比关系（锌：zβ=-0.16，95% CI -0.29 至 -0.04；镁：-0.14，95% CI -0.26 至 -0.03）。这些关系不受年龄、社会经济地位、教育或其他健康行为的影响。没有观察到任何营养素与焦虑障碍之间存在关系。
这些结果表明，镁、叶酸和锌的饮食摄入量与抑郁疾病之间存在关联，尽管不能排除反向因果关系和/或混杂因素作为解释。
