Internal Medicine Department, Agios Pavlos Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Maturitas. 2012 May;72(1):29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.02.006. Epub 2012 Mar 9.
Stroke is a worldwide major health issue. As some of the risk factors are modifiable, it is of high importance to understand how we can minimize the risk for stroke. Multifactorial interventions should be provided to patients in the frame of primary and secondary prevention. Obesity is a well-established modifiable factor as well as the dietary pattern that mostly depends on the social environment, the lifestyle and the habits of each individual. So, dietary changes should be part of the holistic approach which includes improvements in the regulation of hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia. In the present review, we try to provide a global approach on how diet can influence the risk of stroke and especially the nutritional influence on lipid profile and vessel disease and the role of dietary modification in the secondary stroke prevention. The importance of salt restriction, DASH and Mediterranean diet low in saturated and high in polyunsaturated fats, and the management of obesity seem to be the most important dietary priorities.
中风是全球范围内的一个主要健康问题。由于一些风险因素是可以改变的，因此了解如何最大限度地降低中风风险非常重要。在一级和二级预防中，应向患者提供多因素干预。肥胖是一个既定的可改变因素，以及饮食模式，这主要取决于社会环境、生活方式和每个人的习惯。因此，饮食改变应该是包括改善高血压、高血脂和高血糖调节的整体方法的一部分。在本综述中，我们试图提供一个关于饮食如何影响中风风险的全球方法，特别是营养对血脂谱和血管疾病的影响，以及饮食改变在二级中风预防中的作用。限制盐摄入、DASH 饮食和富含多不饱和脂肪、低饱和脂肪的地中海饮食，以及肥胖管理似乎是最重要的饮食重点。
