Alberta Health Services, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2012 Jun;6(2):259-68. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0b013e3283521ec9.
The role of chaplains/spiritual care professionals and the importance of addressing spiritual needs within interdisciplinary oncology teams are in need of systematic review and critical appraisal. This review focuses on four key areas: basic concepts of spirituality within the healthcare domain; the relevance of spirituality within cancer care; the role of spiritual care within interdisciplinary cancer teams; and the current status of spiritual care professionals in interdisciplinary cancer teams.
Addressing cancer patient's spiritual issues is recognized as a component of comprehensive cancer care. Spirituality has a positive effect on subjective and emotional aspects of cancer patient's health, including quality of life, wellbeing and distress. Failing to address cancer patients spiritual needs impacts patient wellbeing, satisfaction with care, perceived quality of care and is associated with higher healthcare costs. Although a variety of disciplines address spiritual issues, spiritual care professionals are recognized by patients, clinicians, researchers and within best practice guidelines of national health councils as specialists within this domain.
Spiritual care professionals are increasingly recognized as integral members of interdisciplinary oncology teams. However, the full integration of spiritual care professionals within the standard practice of oncology interdisciplinary teams is lacking, as spiritual care services continue to be treated as ancillary services within cancer care organizations.
牧师/精神科专业人员的作用以及在肿瘤学多学科团队中满足患者精神需求的重要性，需要系统的审查和批判性评价。本综述主要关注四个关键领域：医疗保健领域内的精神性基本概念；癌症护理中精神性的相关性；精神关怀在肿瘤学多学科团队中的作用；以及肿瘤学多学科团队中精神科专业人员的现状。
将癌症患者的精神问题纳入综合癌症护理被认为是其中的一个组成部分。精神性对癌症患者健康的主观和情感方面具有积极影响，包括生活质量、幸福感和痛苦。未能满足癌症患者的精神需求会影响患者的幸福感、对护理的满意度、感知的护理质量，并与更高的医疗保健成本相关。尽管许多学科都涉及精神问题，但患者、临床医生、研究人员以及国家卫生委员会的最佳实践指南都认可精神科专业人员是该领域的专家。
精神科专业人员越来越被认为是肿瘤学多学科团队不可或缺的成员。然而，精神科专业人员在肿瘤学多学科团队标准实践中的充分整合仍然缺失，因为精神关怀服务在癌症护理组织中仍被视为辅助服务。
