Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 May;21(5):1071-84. doi: 10.1007/s00167-012-1970-1. Epub 2012 Apr 8.
Historically, the results of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstructions are not as favourable as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions, and it is well recognized that nonoperative treatment and postoperative rehabilitation for PCL injuries must be altered compared to those for ACL injuries. The purpose of this article was to review current peer-reviewed PCL rehabilitation programmes and to recommend a nonoperative and postoperative programme based on basic science and published outcomes studies.
To discover the current practices being used to rehabilitate PCL injuries, we conducted a search of PubMed with the terms "posterior cruciate ligament" and "rehabilitation" from 1983 to 2011. All articles within the reference lists of these articles were also examined to determine their rehabilitation programmes.
A review of peer-reviewed PCL rehabilitation protocols revealed that the treatment of PCL injuries depends on the timing and degree of the injury. Rehabilitation should focus on progressive weight bearing, preventing posterior tibial subluxation and strengthening of the quadriceps muscles. General principles of proper PCL rehabilitation, whether nonoperative or postoperative, should include early immobilization (when necessary), prone passive range of motion to prevent placing undue stress on grafts or healing tissue, and progression of rehabilitation based on biomechanical, clinical, and basic science research.
An optimal set of guidelines for the nonoperative or postoperative management of PCL injuries has not yet been defined or agreed upon. Based on the current review study, suggested guidelines are proposed.
IV.
从历史上看，后交叉韧带（PCL）重建的结果不如前交叉韧带（ACL）重建，人们普遍认识到，与 ACL 损伤相比，PCL 损伤的非手术治疗和术后康复必须改变。本文的目的是回顾目前经过同行评议的 PCL 康复方案，并根据基础科学和已发表的结果研究为非手术和术后方案推荐建议。
为了发现目前用于康复 PCL 损伤的实践，我们使用“后交叉韧带”和“康复”这两个术语在 PubMed 中进行了 1983 年至 2011 年的搜索。还检查了这些文章的参考文献列表中的所有文章，以确定它们的康复方案。
对经过同行评议的 PCL 康复方案的回顾表明，PCL 损伤的治疗取决于损伤的时间和程度。康复应侧重于逐渐负重、防止胫骨后脱位和股四头肌的强化。适当的 PCL 康复的一般原则，无论是非手术还是手术后，都应包括早期固定（如有必要）、俯卧位被动活动范围以防止对移植物或愈合组织造成不必要的压力，以及根据生物力学、临床和基础科学研究进展进行康复。
尚未定义或商定 PCL 损伤的非手术或术后管理的一套最佳指南。基于目前的综述研究，提出了建议的指南。
IV 级。
