Wellness Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Lyndhurst, OH 44124, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;95(5):1190-9. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.030205. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Consumption of sugar-sweetened soda has been associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. The relation with cerebrovascular disease has not yet been closely examined.
Our objective was to examine patterns of soda consumption and substitution of alternative beverages for soda in relation to stroke risk.
The Nurses' Health Study, a prospective cohort study of 84,085 women followed for 28 y (1980-2008), and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, a prospective cohort study of 43,371 men followed for 22 y (1986-2008), provided data on soda consumption and incident stroke.
We documented 1416 strokes in men during 841,770 person-years of follow-up and 2938 strokes in women during 2,188,230 person-years of follow-up. The pooled RR of total stroke for ≥ 1 serving of sugar-sweetened soda/d, compared with none, was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.34). The pooled RR of total stroke for ≥ 1 serving of low-calorie soda/d, compared with none, was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.28). Compared with 1 serving of sugar-sweetened soda/d, 1 serving of decaffeinated coffee/d was associated with a 10% (95% CI: 1%, 19%) lower risk of stroke and 1 serving of caffeinated coffee/d with a 9% (95% CI: 0%, 17%) lower risk. Similar estimated reductions in risk were seen for substitution of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee for low-calorie soda.
Greater consumption of sugar-sweetened and low-calorie sodas was associated with a significantly higher risk of stroke. This risk may be reduced by substituting alternative beverages for soda.
摄入含糖苏打水与代谢性心血管疾病风险增加有关。但含糖苏打水与脑血管疾病的关系尚未得到密切研究。
我们旨在研究苏打水的消费模式，以及用其他饮料替代苏打水与中风风险之间的关系。
护士健康研究（Nurses' Health Study）是一项针对 84085 名女性的前瞻性队列研究，随访时间为 28 年（1980-2008 年）；健康专业人员随访研究（Health Professionals Follow-Up Study）是一项针对 43371 名男性的前瞻性队列研究，随访时间为 22 年（1986-2008 年），这些研究提供了苏打水消费和中风发病的数据。
我们记录了男性在 841770 人年随访期间发生的 1416 例中风和女性在 2188230 人年随访期间发生的 2938 例中风。与不摄入任何苏打水相比，每天摄入≥1 份含糖苏打水的总中风风险比为 1.16（95%CI：1.00，1.34）。与不摄入任何低热量苏打水相比，每天摄入≥1 份低热量苏打水的总中风风险比为 1.16（95%CI：1.05，1.28）。与每天 1 份含糖苏打水相比，每天 1 份无因咖啡与中风风险降低 10%（95%CI：1%，19%）相关，每天 1 份含因咖啡与中风风险降低 9%（95%CI：0%，17%）相关。用含因或无因咖啡替代低热量苏打水也可观察到类似的风险降低估计值。
摄入更多的含糖苏打水和低热量苏打水与中风风险显著增加相关。用其他饮料替代苏打水可能会降低这种风险。
