Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2012 Jul;57(4):273-5. doi: 10.1007/s12223-012-0123-8. Epub 2012 Apr 13.
Fecal bacteria from 33 infants (aged 1 to 6 months) were tested for growth on commercial prebiotics. The children were born vaginally (20) or by caesarean section (13). Bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, and total anaerobes in fecal samples were enumerated by selective agars and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The total fecal bacteria were inoculated into cultivation media containing 2 % Vivinal® (galactooligosaccharides-GOS) or Raftilose® P95 (fructooligosaccharides-FOS) as a single carbon source and bacteria were enumerated again after 24 h of anaerobic cultivation. Bifidobacteria dominated, reaching counts of 9-10 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g in 17 children born vaginally and in seven children delivered by caesarean section. In these infants, lactobacilli were more frequently detected and a lower number of E. coli and gram-negative bacteria were determined compared to bifidobacteria-negative infants. Clostridia dominated in children without bifidobacteria, reaching counts from 7 to 9 log CFU/g. Both prebiotics supported all groups of bacteria tested. In children with naturally high counts of bifidobacteria, bifidobacteria dominated also after cultivation on prebiotics, reaching counts from 8.23 to 8.77 log CFU/mL. In bifidobacteria-negative samples, clostridia were supported by prebiotics, reaching counts from 7.17 to 7.69 log CFU/mL. There were no significant differences between bacterial growth on Vivinal® and Raftilose® P95 and counts determined by cultivation and FISH. Prebiotics should selectively stimulate the growth of desirable bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. However, our results showed that commercially available FOS and GOS may stimulate also other fecal bacteria.
对 33 名（1 至 6 个月大）婴儿的粪便细菌进行了商业用益生元生长试验。这些婴儿均经阴道分娩（20 例）或剖宫产（13 例）出生。通过选择性琼脂和荧光原位杂交技术对粪便样本中的双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、革兰氏阴性菌、大肠杆菌和总厌氧菌进行计数。将全部粪便细菌接种到含有 2%Vivinal®（半乳糖寡糖-GOS）或 Raftilose® P95（低聚果糖-FOS）作为单一碳源的培养介质中，并在厌氧培养 24 小时后再次对细菌进行计数。双歧杆菌占主导地位，在 17 名经阴道分娩的婴儿和 7 名剖宫产婴儿中，双歧杆菌的数量达到 9-10 对数菌落形成单位（CFU）/g。在这些婴儿中，与双歧杆菌阴性婴儿相比，乳杆菌的检测更为频繁，而大肠杆菌和革兰氏阴性菌的数量则较低。梭菌在没有双歧杆菌的儿童中占主导地位，数量达到 7-9 对数 CFU/g。两种益生元均支持所有测试的细菌群。在自然双歧杆菌计数较高的儿童中，双歧杆菌在培养于益生元上后也占主导地位，数量达到 8.23-8.77 对数 CFU/ml。在双歧杆菌阴性样本中，双歧杆菌也受到益生元的支持，数量达到 7.17-7.69 对数 CFU/ml。Vivinal®和 Raftilose® P95 上细菌生长和培养及 FISH 计数之间没有显著差异。益生元应选择性地刺激双歧杆菌和乳杆菌等有益细菌的生长。然而，我们的结果表明，市售的 FOS 和 GOS 可能也会刺激其他粪便细菌。
