Research Department, Fundación Cardioinfantil - Instituto de Cardiología, Carrera 13 B N° 163-85, Torre A, tercer piso, Bogota, Colombia.
BMC Pulm Med. 2012 Jul 13;12:17. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-12-17.
While it is suggested that the prevalence of asthma in developed countries may have stabilized, this is not clear in currently developing countries. Current available information for both adults and children simultaneously on the burden and impact of allergic conditions in Colombia and in many Latin American countries is limited. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence for asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic eczema (AE), and atopy in six colombian cities; to quantify costs to the patient and her/his family; and to determine levels of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in asthmatic and healthy subjects.
We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study in six cities during the academic year 2009-2010. We used a school-based design for subjects between 5-17 years old. We carried out a community-based strategy for subjects between 1-4 years old and adults between 18-59 years old. Serum samples for total and antigen-specific (IgE) levels were collected using a population-based, nested, case-control design.
We obtained information on 5978 subjects. The largest sample of subjects was collected in Bogotá (2392). The current prevalence of asthma symptoms was 12% (95% CI, 10.5-13.7), with 43% (95% CI, 36.3-49.2) reporting having required an emergency department visit or hospitalization in the past 12 months. Physician diagnosed asthma was 7% (95% CI, 6.1-8.0). The current prevalence of AR symptoms was 32% (95% CI, 29.5-33.9), and of AE symptoms was 14% (95% CI, 12.5-15.3). We collected blood samples from 855 subjects; 60.2% of asthmatics and 40.6% of controls could be classified as atopic.
In Colombia, symptom prevalence for asthma, AR and AE, as well as levels of atopy, are substantial. Specifically for asthma, symptom severity and absence from work or study due to symptoms are important. These primary care sensitive conditions remain an unmet public health burden in developing countries such as Colombia.
尽管发达国家的哮喘患病率可能已经稳定下来，但目前发展中国家的情况尚不清楚。目前，有关哥伦比亚和许多拉丁美洲国家成人和儿童同时受过敏性疾病负担和影响的现有信息有限。本研究的目的是估计 6 个哥伦比亚城市哮喘、过敏性鼻炎 (AR)、特应性皮炎 (AE) 和过敏的患病率；量化患者及其家庭的成本；并确定哮喘和健康受试者的免疫球蛋白 E (IgE) 水平。
我们在 2009-2010 学年的 6 个城市进行了一项横断面、基于人群的研究。我们对 5-17 岁的儿童使用基于学校的设计。对于 1-4 岁的儿童和 18-59 岁的成年人，我们采用基于社区的策略。使用基于人群的嵌套病例对照设计收集血清样本，用于总抗原特异性 (IgE) 水平。
我们获得了 5978 名受试者的信息。样本量最大的是在波哥大收集的（2392 名）。目前，哮喘症状的患病率为 12%（95%CI，10.5-13.7），过去 12 个月内有 43%（95%CI，36.3-49.2）报告需要急诊就诊或住院治疗。医生诊断的哮喘为 7%（95%CI，6.1-8.0）。目前，AR 症状的患病率为 32%（95%CI，29.5-33.9），AE 症状的患病率为 14%（95%CI，12.5-15.3）。我们从 855 名受试者中采集了血液样本；60.2%的哮喘患者和 40.6%的对照者可以被归类为过敏。
在哥伦比亚，哮喘、AR 和 AE 的症状患病率以及过敏水平都相当高。特别是对于哮喘，症状的严重程度以及因症状而缺勤或休学是很重要的。这些初级保健敏感条件仍然是哥伦比亚等发展中国家未满足的公共卫生负担。
