Developmental Biology Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
N Biotechnol. 2012 Sep 15;29(6):641-50. doi: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.04.002. Epub 2012 Apr 27.
Increasing understanding of stem cell biology, the ability to reprogramme differentiated cells to a pluripotent state and evidence of multipotency in certain adult somatic stem cells has opened the door to exciting therapeutic advances as well as a great deal of regulatory and ethical issues. Benefits will come from the possibility of modelling human diseases and develop individualised therapies, and from their use in transplantation and bioengineering. The use of autologous stem cells is highly desirable, as it avoids the problem of tissue rejection, and also reduces ethical and regulatory issues. Identification of the most appropriate cell sources for different potential applications, development of appropriate clinical grade methodologies and large scale well controlled clinical trials will be essential to assess safety and value of cell based therapies, which have been generating much hope, but are by and large not yet close to becoming standard clinical practice. We briefly discuss stem cells in the context of tissue repair and regenerative medicine, with a focus on individualised clinical approaches, and give examples of sources of autologous cells with potential for clinical intervention.
对干细胞生物学的认识不断加深，能够将分化细胞重新编程为多能状态，以及某些成年体干细胞具有多能性的证据，为令人兴奋的治疗进展以及大量监管和伦理问题开辟了道路。其带来的益处包括有可能对人类疾病进行建模和开发个体化治疗，以及在移植和生物工程中的应用。使用自体干细胞是非常可取的，因为它避免了组织排斥的问题，也减少了伦理和监管问题。确定最适合不同潜在应用的细胞来源，开发适当的临床级方法学，并进行大规模的、严格控制的临床试验，对于评估细胞疗法的安全性和价值至关重要，细胞疗法已经带来了很多希望，但总体上还没有接近成为标准的临床实践。我们简要讨论了组织修复和再生医学背景下的干细胞，重点是个体化的临床方法，并举例说明了具有临床干预潜力的自体细胞来源。
