Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café, s/n Campus Universitário da USP, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2012 Jun;67(2):171-7. doi: 10.1007/s11130-012-0291-3.
This study investigated the in vivo genotoxicity of piquiá pulp (Caryocar villosum) and its potential antigenotoxicity on doxorubicin (DXR)-induced DNA damage by comet assay and micronucleus test. In addition, the phytochemicals present in piquiá pulp were determined. Piquiá fruit pulp (75, 150 or 300 mg/kg b.w.) was administered by gavage to Wistar rats for 14 days, and the animals received an injection of saline or DXR (15 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) 24 h before they were euthanized. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of carotenoids; phenolic compounds, including flavonoids; tannins and α-tocopherol in piquiá pulp. No statistically significant differences were observed in the evaluated parameters, demonstrating the absence of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of piquiá pulp at all tested doses. In liver, kidney, cardiac and bone marrow cells, piquiá significantly reduced the DNA damage induced by DXR. Our results showed that the lowest piquiá dose caused the largest decrease in DNA damage and the highest dose caused the smallest decrease, demonstrating an inverse dose-response of piquiá pulp. Furthermore, we observed a difference in the potential antigenotoxic effects in several tissues. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that piquiá pulp was not genotoxic and inhibited the genotoxicity induced by DXR, but some of the protective effects that were observed depended on the doses and experimental conditions. Therefore, further investigations are needed to clarify how piquiá pulp positively affects human health.
本研究通过彗星试验和微核试验调查了刺葵果浆（Caryocar villosum）的体内遗传毒性及其对阿霉素（DXR）诱导的 DNA 损伤的潜在抗原毒性。此外，还测定了刺葵果浆中的植物化学物质。将刺葵果浆（75、150 或 300mg/kg b.w.）通过灌胃给予 Wistar 大鼠 14 天，并且在处死动物前 24 小时给它们注射生理盐水或 DXR（15mg/kg b.w.，ip）。植物化学分析表明，刺葵果浆中存在类胡萝卜素；酚类化合物，包括类黄酮；单宁和 α-生育酚。在评估的参数中未观察到统计学上的显著差异，这表明在所有测试剂量下，刺葵果浆均没有细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用。在肝、肾、心脏和骨髓细胞中，刺葵显著降低了 DXR 诱导的 DNA 损伤。我们的结果表明，最低剂量的刺葵引起的 DNA 损伤减少最大，而最高剂量引起的 DNA 损伤减少最小，表明刺葵果浆存在反向剂量反应关系。此外，我们在几种组织中观察到潜在的抗原毒性作用存在差异。总之，我们的结果表明，刺葵果浆没有遗传毒性，并且抑制了 DXR 诱导的遗传毒性，但是观察到的一些保护作用取决于剂量和实验条件。因此，需要进一步的研究来阐明刺葵果浆如何对人类健康产生积极影响。
