Division of Nutrition, St John's Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Feb;16(2):316-24. doi: 10.1017/S136898001200119X. Epub 2012 May 11.
To identify correlates of anaemia during the first trimester of pregnancy among 366 urban South Indian pregnant women.
Cross-sectional study evaluating demographic, socio-economic, anthropometric and dietary intake data on haematological outcomes.
A government maternity health-care centre catering predominantly to the needs of pregnant women from the lower socio-economic strata of urban Bangalore.
Pregnant women (n 366) aged ≥18 and ≤40 years, who registered for antenatal screening at ≤14 weeks of gestation.
Mean age was 22·6 (sd 3·4) years, mean BMI was 20·4 (sd 3·3) kg/m2 and 236 (64·5 %) of the pregnant women were primiparous. The prevalence of anaemia (Hb <11·0 g/dl) was 30·3 % and of microcytic anaemia (anaemia with mean corpuscular volume <80 fl) 20·2 %. Mean dietary intakes of energy, Ca, Fe and folate were well below the Indian RDA. In multivariable log-binomial regression analysis, anaemia was independently associated with high dietary intakes of Ca (relative risk; 95 % CI: 1·79; 1·16, 2·76) and P (1·96; 1·31, 2·96) and high intake of meat, fish and poultry (1·94; 1·29, 2·91).
Low dietary intake of multiple micronutrients, but higher intakes of nutrients that inhibit Fe absorption such as Ca and P, may help explain high rates of maternal anaemia in India.
在 366 名印度南部城市孕妇中，确定妊娠早期贫血的相关因素。
评估与血液学结果相关的人口统计学、社会经济学、人体测量学和饮食摄入数据的横断面研究。
一家政府妇产保健中心，主要满足班加罗尔城市中较低社会经济阶层孕妇的需求。
年龄≥18 岁且≤40 岁的孕妇，在妊娠 14 周前登记接受产前筛查。
平均年龄为 22.6（标准差 3.4）岁，平均 BMI 为 20.4（标准差 3.3）kg/m2，236 名（64.5%）孕妇为初产妇。贫血（Hb <11.0 g/dl）的患病率为 30.3%，小细胞性贫血（贫血伴平均红细胞体积<80 fl）的患病率为 20.2%。能量、Ca、Fe 和叶酸的平均膳食摄入量远低于印度 RDA。在多变量log-binomial 回归分析中，贫血与 Ca（相对风险；95%可信区间：1.79；1.16，2.76）和 P（1.96；1.31，2.96）的高膳食摄入量以及肉、鱼和家禽的高摄入量独立相关（1.94；1.29，2.91）。
多种微量营养素的膳食摄入量低，但抑制 Fe 吸收的营养素如 Ca 和 P 的摄入量高，可能有助于解释印度高产妇贫血率的原因。
