North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2012 Sep;90(9):3112-9. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4403. Epub 2012 May 14.
Thirty weanling, crossbred barrows (SUS SCROFA) were used to determine the effects of amount and source of dietary Cu on small intestinal morphology and lipid peroxidation, Cu metabolism, and mRNA expression of proteins involved in hepatic Cu homeostasis. At 21 d of age, pigs were stratified by BW (6.33 ± 0.23 kg) and allocated to 1 of the following dietary treatments: i) control (no supplemental Cu; 6.7 mg Cu/kg), ii) 225 mg supplemental Cu/kg diet from Cu sulfate (CuSO(4)), or iii) 225 mg supplemental Cu/kg diet from tribasic Cu chloride (TBCC). Pigs were housed 2 pigs per pen and were fed a 3-phase diet regimen until d 35 or 36 of the study. During harvest, bile and liver were obtained for mineral analysis, and liver samples were also obtained for analysis of liver glutathione (GSH) and mRNA expression of Cu regulatory proteins. Segments of duodenum, proximal jejunum, and ileum were obtained for mucosal morphology, and duodenal mucosal scrapings were collected from all pigs for analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA). Duodenal villus height was reduced in CuSO(4) pigs compared with control (P = 0.001) and TBCC (P = 0.03) pigs. Villus height in the proximal jejunum of CuSO(4) pigs was reduced (P = 0.03) compared with control pigs, but ileal villus height was not affected (P = 0.82) by treatment. Duodenal MDA concentrations were greater (P = 0.03) in CuSO(4) pigs and tended to be greater (P = 0.10) in pigs supplemented with TBCC compared with control pigs. Liver Cu was greater (P = 0.01) in CuSO(4) vs. control pigs, and tended (P = 0.07) to be greater in TBCC pigs than control pigs. Bile Cu concentrations were greater (P < 0.001) in CuSO(4) and TBCC pigs vs. controls and were also greater (P = 0.04) in TBCC vs. CuSO(4) pigs. Total liver GSH concentrations were less (P = 0.02) in pigs fed diets supplemented with CuSO(4) vs. pigs fed control diets but total liver GSH did not differ (P = 0.11) between control and TBCC pigs. Hepatic mRNA of cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein 17 was less (P = 0.01) in CuSO(4) and tended to be less (P = 0.08) in TBCC pigs vs. control pigs. Expression of antioxidant 1 mRNA was greater (P = 0.04) in TBCC pigs and tended to be greater (P = 0.06) in CuSO(4) pigs compared with control pigs. Results of this study indicated that, when fed at 225 mg Cu/kg diet, TBCC may cause less oxidative stress in the duodenum than CuSO(4). Feeding weanling pigs increased Cu resulted in modulation of certain Cu transporters and chaperones at the transcription level.
30 头断奶、杂交公猪（SUS SCROFA）用于确定日粮铜的数量和来源对小肠形态和脂质过氧化、铜代谢以及参与肝脏铜稳态的蛋白质的 mRNA 表达的影响。在 21 日龄时，根据体重（6.33±0.23kg）对猪进行分层，并将其分配到以下饮食处理之一：i）对照（无补充铜；6.7mg Cu/kg），ii）日粮中补充 225mg Cu/kg 来自硫酸铜（CuSO₄），或 iii）日粮中补充 225mg Cu/kg 来自三价氯化铜（TBCC）。猪每栏饲养 2 头，采用 3 阶段日粮方案饲养至研究的第 35 或 36 天。在收获时，获得胆汁和肝脏进行矿物质分析，并从肝脏样品中还获得肝脏谷胱甘肽（GSH）和铜调节蛋白的 mRNA 表达分析。获得十二指肠、近端空肠和回肠的黏膜形态，从所有猪中收集十二指肠黏膜刮取物进行丙二醛（MDA）分析。与对照（P=0.001）和 TBCC（P=0.03）猪相比，CuSO₄ 猪的十二指肠绒毛高度降低。与对照猪相比，CuSO₄ 猪的空肠近端绒毛高度降低（P=0.03），但回肠绒毛高度不受处理影响（P=0.82）。与对照猪相比，CuSO₄ 猪的十二指肠 MDA 浓度更高（P=0.03），而补充 TBCC 的猪则趋于更高（P=0.10）。与对照猪相比，CuSO₄ 猪的肝脏铜含量更高（P=0.01），而 TBCC 猪的肝脏铜含量也更高（P=0.07）。与对照猪相比，CuSO₄ 和 TBCC 猪的胆汁铜浓度更高（P<0.001），且 TBCC 猪的胆汁铜浓度也高于 CuSO₄ 猪（P=0.04）。总肝脏 GSH 浓度在补充 CuSO₄ 的猪中较低（P=0.02），而在补充对照日粮的猪中没有差异（P=0.11）。与对照猪相比，CuSO₄ 和 TBCC 猪的细胞色素 c 氧化酶组装蛋白 17 的肝脏 mRNA 表达较低（P=0.01）。TBCC 猪的抗氧化 1 mRNA 表达较高（P=0.04），而 CuSO₄ 猪的表达则趋于更高（P=0.06）。本研究结果表明，当以 225mg Cu/kg 日粮喂养时，TBCC 可能会在十二指肠中引起比 CuSO₄ 更少的氧化应激。喂养断奶仔猪增加铜会导致某些铜转运体和伴侣蛋白在转录水平上的调节。
