Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
J Mol Endocrinol. 2012 Jun 26;49(1):R29-35. doi: 10.1530/JME-12-0068. Print 2012 Aug.
It has long been known that thyroid hormone has profound direct effects on metabolism and cardiovascular function. More recently, it was shown that the hormone also modulates these systems by actions on the central autonomic control. Recent studies that either manipulated thyroid hormone signalling in anatomical areas of the brain or analysed seasonal models with an endogenous fluctuation in hypothalamic thyroid hormone levels revealed that the hormone controls energy turnover. However, most of these studies did not progress beyond the level of anatomical nuclei; thus, the neuronal substrates as well as the molecular mechanisms remain largely enigmatic. This review summarises the evidence for a role of thyroid hormone in the central autonomic control of peripheral homeostasis and advocates novel strategies to address thyroid hormone action in the brain on a cellular level.
长期以来，人们一直知道甲状腺激素对新陈代谢和心血管功能有深远的直接影响。最近，人们发现，该激素还通过对中枢自主控制的作用来调节这些系统。最近的研究表明，要么操纵大脑解剖区域的甲状腺激素信号，要么分析具有下丘脑甲状腺激素水平内源性波动的季节性模型，表明该激素控制能量周转。然而，这些研究中的大多数都没有超出解剖核的水平；因此，神经元基质以及分子机制在很大程度上仍然是个谜。这篇综述总结了甲状腺激素在周围稳态的中枢自主控制中的作用的证据，并提倡新的策略来解决大脑中甲状腺激素在细胞水平上的作用。
