Nazar Javier R, Gerosa Paula E, Díaz Osvaldo A
Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos "Gegora", Esquel, Argentina.
Rev Argent Microbiol. 2012 Jan-Mar;44(1):21-5. doi: 10.1590/S0325-75412012000100005.
Since March 2007 to March 2011, 414 patients with onychopathies were prospectively analyzed. Prevalence of the toenail and fingernail mycoses was 78 % and 58 %, respectively. The major etiological agents were Trichophyton rubrum, Candida spp. and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Dermatophytes were more frequently cultured from toenails, whereas Candida spp. from fingernails (both, p < 0.05). In candidal onychomycosis, species different from C. albicans were prevalent. A higher prevalence of toenail and fingernail mycoses, a predominance of T. rubrum in toenails (p < 0.05), and greater positivity in the direct examination (DE) and in culture (both, p < 0.05) were more frequently observed in men than in women. The correlation between DE and culture was 68 %. DE and culture yields were associated with a greater size lesion. DE was more effective in onycodystrophies with duration of more than 5 years. Culture positivity was independent of nail affection chronicity.
2007年3月至2011年3月，对414例甲病患者进行了前瞻性分析。趾甲和指甲真菌病的患病率分别为78%和58%。主要病原体为红色毛癣菌、念珠菌属和须癣毛癣菌。皮肤癣菌在趾甲中培养更为常见，而念珠菌属在指甲中培养更为常见（两者均p<0.05）。在念珠菌性甲真菌病中，非白色念珠菌的种类较为普遍。男性比女性更常观察到趾甲和指甲真菌病的患病率更高、趾甲中红色毛癣菌占优势（p<0.05）以及直接检查（DE）和培养中的阳性率更高（两者均p<0.05）。DE与培养之间的相关性为68%。DE和培养的阳性率与更大的病变大小相关。DE在病程超过5年的甲营养不良中更有效。培养阳性与指甲受累的慢性程度无关。
