Halim I, El Kadioui F, Soussi Abdallaoui M
Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Ibn Rochd, 1 rue des Hôpitaux, Casablanca, Maroc.
J Mycol Med. 2013 Mar;23(1):9-14. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2012.10.002. Epub 2012 Dec 31.
Onychomycosis is the most common nail disease and its prevalence in the literature is estimated between 18 and 50%. The main objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of onychomycosis and specify the most frequently fungal agents isolated at the University Hospital of Casablanca.
[corrected] In a retrospective study, performed at the laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology, University Hospital Center of Casablanca (Morocco), over a period of 5 years (2006-2010), mycological results (microscopic study and culture) of 2070 nail samples made during this period were analysed. All onychomycosis cases included in this study had positive microscopy and culture.
Totally, during this period, mycological aetiology was confirmed in 64.5% of cases. Dermatophytes were isolated in 65% of cases (n = 858), yeasts in 30% (n = 405) and molds from 72 nails. Candida albicans is the predominant yeast species in this study (49%), essentially in the fingernails. Onyxis in toenails is essentially dermatophytic, and Trichophyton rubrum is isolated in 75% of onychomycosis of foot.
Onychomycosis is a frequent disease in our context, due to diversified fungal agents: dermatophytis in toenail and Candida at the fingernails.
甲癣是最常见的指甲疾病，其在文献中的患病率估计在18%至50%之间。本研究的主要目的是描述甲癣的流行病学情况，并明确在卡萨布兰卡大学医院分离出的最常见真菌病原体。
[已校正] 在摩洛哥卡萨布兰卡大学医院中心寄生虫学和真菌学实验室进行的一项回顾性研究中，对5年期间（2006 - 2010年）采集的2070份指甲样本的真菌学结果（显微镜检查和培养）进行了分析。本研究纳入的所有甲癣病例显微镜检查和培养均呈阳性。
在此期间，总共64.5%的病例真菌病因得到确诊。65%的病例（n = 858）分离出皮肤癣菌，30%（n = 405）分离出酵母菌，72份样本分离出霉菌。白色念珠菌是本研究中主要的酵母菌种类（49%），主要存在于手指甲中。脚趾甲甲癣主要由皮肤癣菌引起，红色毛癣菌在75%的足部甲癣病例中被分离出。
在我们的研究范围内，甲癣是一种常见疾病，病因真菌种类多样：脚趾甲甲癣由皮肤癣菌引起，手指甲甲癣由念珠菌引起。
