Greco Mariana Vanesa, Pardo Alejandro Guillermo, Ludemann Vanesa, Martino Pablo Eduardo, Pose Graciela Noemí
Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, B1876BXD Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:956056. doi: 10.1100/2012/956056. Epub 2012 May 3.
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that cause a toxic response when ingested by animals or man. Demand of natural fur, such as those from rabbit and chinchilla, produced under controlled conditions, has increased worldwide. The toxicogenic mycoflora contaminating feeds for these animals was enumerated and identified. Six of the major mycotoxins implicated in animal mycotoxicosis were detected and quantified. Moulds count ranged from <10 to 4.7 × 10(5) CFU g(-1); 14% of the samples exceeded the limit that determines hygienic feed quality. More than twenty species belonging to the five most important mycotoxigenic mould genera were recovered. Among the analyzed mycotoxins, aflatoxins were recovered in 100% of the examined samples, deoxynivalenol in 95%, fumonisins in 100%, ochratoxin A in 98%, T2 toxin in 98%, and zearalenone in 100%. Cooccurrence of mycotoxins was observed in 100% of the samples analyzed. Exposure to multiple mycotoxins was thus demonstrated for these animals.
霉菌毒素是丝状真菌产生的次生代谢产物，动物或人类摄入后会引发毒性反应。在全球范围内，对在可控条件下生产的天然毛皮（如兔毛和栗鼠皮）的需求有所增加。对污染这些动物饲料的产毒霉菌区系进行了计数和鉴定。检测并定量了六种与动物霉菌毒素中毒有关的主要霉菌毒素。霉菌计数范围为<10至4.7×10⁵CFU g⁻¹；14%的样本超过了决定饲料卫生质量的限值。从五个最重要的产毒霉菌属中分离出二十多种霉菌。在所分析的霉菌毒素中，黄曲霉毒素在100%的检测样本中被检出，脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇在95%的样本中被检出，伏马菌素在100%的样本中被检出，赭曲霉毒素A在98%的样本中被检出，T-2毒素在98%的样本中被检出，玉米赤霉烯酮在100%的样本中被检出。在所分析的100%的样本中都观察到了霉菌毒素的共存。因此，证明这些动物接触到了多种霉菌毒素。
