Griffith Health Institute, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4222, Australia.
Behav Ther. 2012 Sep;43(3):593-605. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011.10.003. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
Multiple cognitive biases associated with adult obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were tested in a clinical sample of children (ages 7-11) and adolescents (12-17) and their mothers. This study examined (a) the associations between child cognitive biases and OCD severity, (b) maternal cognitive biases and child OCD severity, and (c) maternal cognitive bias and child cognitive bias. It was hypothesized that age would significantly moderate these relationships, with stronger associations with OCD severity for cognitive bias in adolescents (relative to children), and maternal cognitive bias in younger children (relative to adolescents).
Forty-six children and adolescents diagnosed with OCD and their mothers completed questionnaires assessing responsibility bias, thought-action fusion (TAF), thought suppression, and metacognitive beliefs. OCD symptoms were assessed using structured diagnostic interviews and semistructured symptom interviews.
As predicted, age significantly moderated associations between (a) child cognitive variables and OCD severity-specifically between child responsibility and child metacognition, which were associated with OCD severity for adolescents only; (b) maternal cognitive biases and child OCD severity-specifically for maternal responsibility and thought suppression, which were significantly and positively associated with child OCD severity but not adolescent OCD severity; and (c) maternal cognitive biases and child cognitive bias-such that significant associations were evident only in the younger child sample, and only between maternal TAF self and metacognition, with child suppression and child TAF moral, respectively.
Maternal cognitive biases are more consistently linked to greater OCD severity among younger children, whereas personal cognitive biases are associated with greater OCD symptoms in adolescents. Treatments for pediatric OCD are likely to be improved by age-specific considerations for the role of maternal and child cognitive biases associated with OCD.
在一组儿童（7-11 岁）和青少年（12-17 岁）及其母亲的临床样本中，测试了与成人强迫症（OCD）相关的多种认知偏差。本研究考察了：（a）儿童认知偏差与 OCD 严重程度之间的关系；（b）母亲认知偏差与儿童 OCD 严重程度之间的关系；（c）母亲认知偏差与儿童认知偏差之间的关系。研究假设，年龄将显著调节这些关系，青少年的认知偏差（相对于儿童）与 OCD 严重程度的关联更强，而儿童的母亲认知偏差（相对于青少年）与 OCD 严重程度的关联更强。
46 名被诊断为 OCD 的儿童和青少年及其母亲完成了问卷，评估了责任偏差、思维-行动融合（TAF）、思维抑制和元认知信念。使用结构化诊断访谈和半结构化症状访谈评估 OCD 症状。
正如预测的那样，年龄显著调节了以下关系：（a）儿童认知变量与 OCD 严重程度之间的关系——特别是儿童责任和儿童元认知，它们与青少年的 OCD 严重程度相关，而与儿童的 OCD 严重程度无关；（b）母亲认知偏差与儿童 OCD 严重程度之间的关系——特别是母亲责任和思维抑制，它们与儿童 OCD 严重程度显著正相关，但与青少年的 OCD 严重程度无关；（c）母亲认知偏差与儿童认知偏差之间的关系——只有在年龄较小的儿童样本中才会出现显著的关联，而且只有在母亲 TAF 自我和元认知与儿童抑制和儿童 TAF 道德之间才会出现关联。
在年龄较小的儿童中，母亲的认知偏差与 OCD 严重程度的关联更为一致，而个人的认知偏差与青少年的 OCD 症状更为相关。针对与 OCD 相关的母亲和儿童认知偏差的年龄特异性考虑，可能会改善儿科 OCD 的治疗效果。
